• Tour de France yatangiye mu mwaka wa 1903
• Maurice Garin niwe wegukanye Tour de France bwa mbere
• Tour de France ifite amateka maremare
• Tour de France yitabirwa n’amakipe 22 agizwe n’abakinnyi 9 gusa umwaka utaha bazaba 8
• Tour de France igenda ibirometero bisaga ibihumbi 3,500

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Benshi mu bakunzi b’umukino wo gusiganwa ku magare mu Rwanda bakunze kwibaza amateka y’irushanwa rya Tour de France rifatwa nk’irya mbere ku isi ndetse andi marushanwa atandukanye ku isi harimo na Tour du Rwanda arifatira icyitegererezo.

Ku cyumweru gishize nibwo hasojwe irushanwa rya Tour du Rwanda ndetse umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ry’umukino wo gusiganwa ku magare mu Rwanda Bayingana Aimable atangaza ko bifuza kuzamura urwego iri rushanwa ririho ndetse bibakundiye barigeza ku rwego Tour de France iriho.

Irushanwa rya Tour de France rimaze inshuro 104 rikinwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu gihe Tour du Rwanda yo iheruka kuba ku nshuro ya 9 nyuma yo kugirwa mpuzamahanga na UCI mu mwaka wa 2009.

Irushanwa rya Tour du Rwanda ryatangiye mu mwaka wa 1903 biturutse ku guhangana ku ibinyamakuru 2 byari bikomeye mu Bufaransa aribyo Le Velo yari ifite abasomyi benshi ndetse cyacuruzaga ibinyamakuru ibihumbi 80 ku munsi na L’Auto cyo cyari gifite abasomyi bake nubwo cyari cyarashijwe n’abantu bakomeye.

Abakinnyi begukanye imyambaro ihatanirwa muri Tour de France uyu mwaka

Iki kinyamakuru L’Auto cyahaye akazi uwitwa Henri Desgrange wahoze ari umukinnyi w’amagare ndetse wari ufite ubuhanga mu kwandika amakuru yerekeye umukino wo gusiganwa ku magare ariko Le Velo ikomeza kubarusha abasomyi.

Nyuma ya Desgrange, ikinyamakuru L’Auto cyahaye akazi umusore wari ukiri muto Geo Lefevre maze nawe atekereza ikintu cyakurura abantu bakaboneraho umwanya wo gucuruza ibinyamakuru byabo kugira ngo bigaranzure iki kinyamakuru bari bahanganye cya Le Velo, maze bapanga gutegura irushanwa ry’iminsi 6 rizenguruka uduce tw’Ubufaransa,aho babitangarije abasomyi babo ku I taliki ya 19 Mutarama 1903.

Irushanwa rya mbere rya Tour de France ryari rigizwe n’uduce 6 ryatangiye ku italiki ya 01 Nyakanga 1903 maze ryegukanwa n’umufaransa Maurice Garin nyuma yo kwegukana uduce 3 muri 5 twakinwe.

Bimwe mu byaranze iri rushanwa ni uko kwiyandikisha mu bazitabira byari amafaranga 10 yo mu Bufaransa cyane ko amayero atari yagakoreshwa aho igihembo cy’uwari kuryegukana yari guhabwa ibihumbi 20 mu gihe utwaye agace yahabwaga ibihumbi 3,000.

Kubera ko gutwara iri siganwa byari gutuma uritwaye abona amafaranga yikubye 6 ayo abakozi benshi mu Bufaransa babonaga,abasaga 80 bariyandikishije mu gihe mu Rwanda muri irushanwa ritabagezaho.

Iri rushanwa ryatumye ikinyamakuru L’Auto kibona abasomyi benshi ndetse n’iri rushanwa ryigarurira imitima y’Abafaransa benshi.

Mathews (Icyatsi) na Barguil (Umweru n’umutuku) bakiniraga ikipe ya Team Sunweb

Amarushanwa ya Tour de France yakurikiyeho kuva mu mwaka wa 1904 kugeza 1939 yaranzwe n’amakosa menshi aho abakinnyi bategaga abgenzi babo ndetse abafana bagakubita abakinnyi ubwo babaga bageze ku dusozi aho kubera ibi bikorwa bibi abakinnyi bakomeye nka Maurice Garin yakuwe mu irushanwa ryo mu mwaka wa 1904 nubwo yari yatwaye Tour de France ya mbere mu mateka.

Team Sky niyo yahembwe nk’ikipe yabaye iya mbere
Desgrange watangije Tour de France yababajwe n’ibikorwa bibi byaberaga muri iri rushanwa ndetse yifuza kurihagarika gusa aza kwisubiraho .

Kimwe mu byagoye uyu mugabo ni uburyo bwo kumenyesha abantu uko basoje ndetse no ku rutonde rusange .

Mu mwaka wa 1905 irushanwa ryatangira saa 07 h00 rigasozwa saa cyenda mu gihe uduce twavuye kuri 6 tujya kuri 11 mu mwaka wa 1910 kugeza 1924.

Mu itangira rya Tour de France nta mukinnyi wagiraga ikipe buri wese yazaga ku giti agahangana n’abandi ubaye uwa mbere agatwara ibihembo.

Mu mwaka wa 1930,nibwo Desgrange yatangaje ko Tour de France itazongera gukinwa n’umuntu ku giti cye ahubwo abakinnyi bagiye kujya bakinira amakipe y’igihugu ndetse n’amakipe y’imigi.Tour de France yahagaritswe n’intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose aho guhera mu mwaka wa 1939 kugeza 1946 itabaye.

Mu mwaka wa 1947 ikinyamakuru L’Auto cyarahagaze maze ibyerekeye gutegura iri rushanwa no kuryitaho bihabwa Leta.Jacques Goddet wasimbuye Desgrange witabye Imana mu mwaka wa 1940 yashinze ikinyamakuru L’Equipe,cyateguye Tour de France ya 1947.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1947 kugeza mu mwaka wa 1969 Tour de France yagaragayemo ibibazo bikomeye birimo icyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge aho bamwe bagiye bapfa kubera gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge byinshi.

Ikindi kibazo cyagaragaye ni uko kubera ibihembo byari hasi ku buryo abaterankunga bagiye bahomba ndetse n’inganda zikora amagare zihura n’ibibazo bikomeye.

Mu mwaka wa 1969 kugeza 1987 nibwo haje igihangange Eddy Merckxx cyatwaye Tour de France inshuro 5 aho 4 muri zo yazitwaye zikurikiranya.

Muri iyi myaka nibwo hajemo abaterankunga benshi ndetse nibwo hatangiye guhembwa abakinnyi bazi gutambika,abazi kuzamuka ndetse n’ikipe yahize izindi.Mu mwaka wa 1975 nibwo Tour de France yatangiye gusorezwa Champs Elysees I Paris.

Mu mwaka wa 1919 nibwo umukinnyi Eugene Christophe yambaye umwenda w’umuhondo ndetse niwe wa mbere wawambaye kuko mbere y’aho bambaraga igitambaro cy’umuhondo.

Impamvu abategura isiganwa rya Tour de France bahizemo ko umwenda w’umukinnyi uyoboye urutonde rusange yambara umwenda w’umuhondo ni uko ikinyamakuru L’Auto cyatangije Tour de France cyandikaga ku mpapuro z’umuhondo.

Umwenda w’umweru urimo utuntu tw’umutuku (Polka Dot Jersey) wambarwa ni umukinnyi uzi kuzamuka kurusha abandi watangiye gukinirwa mu mwaka wa 1933 wambarwa bwa mbere na Vicente Trueba.

Umwenda w’icyatsi wambarwa ni umukinnyi ufite amanota menshi mu gutambika watangiye gukinirwa mu mwaka wa 1953 wambarwa bwa mbere na Flitz Schar.

Umwenda w’umweru wambikwa umukinnyi ukiri muto umaze gukoresha igihe gito mu irushanwa aho watangiye guhatanirwa mu mwaka 1975 wambarwa bwa mbere na Francesco Moser.Kuva Tour de France yabaho, abakinnyi 4 Laurent Fignon (1983), Jan Ullrich (1997), Alberto Contador (2007), na Andy Schleck (2010), nibo babashije kuyitwara ndetse barangiza bafite n’uyu mwenda w’umweru.

Uretse ibi bihembo, muri Tour de France hatangwa ibindi birimo ikipe ya mbere n’umukinnyi wahatanye kurusha abandi.

Ku bijyanye n’ibihembo mu mwaka wa 1988 umukinnyi utwaye Tour de France yahabwaga ibihumbi 500 by’amafanga y’ubufaransa,Imodoka ,inzu,na Studio.

Kuva mu mwaka wa wa 2009 kugeza 2016 umukinnyi utwaye Tour de France yahabwaga ibihumbi €450,000), uwatwaye agace yegukanaga ibihumbi 8 by’amayero ( €8,000)ndetse n’ibihumbi 10 (€10,000) iyo hakinwa gukina gusiganwa ari amakipe ( team time-trial stage).

Uwahize abandi kuzamuka no gutambika ahabwa ibihumbi 25 by’amayero,uwahatanye kurusha abandi ndetse n’umukinnyi witwaye neza mu bakiri bato bahabwa ibihumbi 20 by’amayero mu gihe ikipe ije ku mwanya wa mbere ihabwa ibihumbi 50 by’amayero.

Umwaka ushize byariyongereye kuko uwegukanye Tour de France yahawe ibihumbi 500 by’amayero.

Mu Rwanda uwegukanye umwenda w’umuhondo ahabwa amadolari 1900 mu gihe uwegukanye agace ahabwa amadolari 400.

Mu bamaze guca uduhigo muri Tour de France ni uko abamaze gutwara Tour de France nyinshi ari Jacques Anquetil, Eddy Merckx, Bernard Hinault na Miguel Indurain bose bafite 5 nyuma y’aho umunyamerika Lance Armstrong watwaye iri rushanwa inshuro 7 zikurikiranya guhera 1999 kugeza 2005 ahamwe n’icyaha cyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu mwaka wa 2012 agahita yamburwa izi ntsinzi zose.

Imisozi wa Pyrenees inyuramo Tour de France buri mwaka
Miguel Indurain niwe watwaye Tour de France inshuro nyinshi yikurikiranya (5),Henri Cornet niwe watwaye Tour de France akiri muto ku myaka 20 hari mu mwaka wa 1904.Firmin Lambot niwe watwaye Tour de France akuze ku mwaka 36 n’amezi 4 mu mwaka wa 1922.

Ubufaransa n’icyo gihugu kimaze gutwara Tour de France nyinshi kuko abakinnyi 21 b’abafaransa bamaze gutwara iri rushanwa inshuro 36.Ububiligi ni ubwa kabiri ifite 18,Espagne ifite 12.