Dore urutonde rwa Jenoside z’abayeho mu mateka y’isi,icyo zigiye zihuriraho n’icyo zitandukaniyeho[AMAFOTO]
Ijambo Jenoside (Genocide)ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere n’umwanditsi Raphael Lemkin mu gitabo cye yise [Axis Rule in Occupied Europe]. Ijambo Genocide kandi riva ku magambo abiri y’Ikigiriki ariyo “Genos” Bivuga Ubwoko cyangwa abantu na “Cide” bivuga igikorwa cyo kwica).Aya magambo uyahuje bitanga ijambo Jenoside(Genocide) aho bivugwa kwica ubwoko bw’abantu ugamije kubusibanganya burundu ku isi.
Tugiye kureba mu mateka y’isi dutuye turasanga mu gihe kitagera ku myaka 200 ishize, isi imaze kwibasirwa n’umubare munini wa Jenoside zagiye zihitana umubare munini w’abantu , bitewe n’ubwoko bwabo Imyemerere cyangwa ikindi kintu kibahuza bo ubwabo.
Reka turebe zimwe mu ngero za Jenoside zagiye ziba mu mateka ubukana zakoranwe n’ingaruka zagiye zigira .Muri zo twavuga nka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994, yahitanye abarenga miliyoni imwe, Jenoside y’Abanya-Armenia 1915, Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi mu mwaka 1933,Jenocide yakorewe abanya-Cambodia mu mwaka 1975.
Mu gutegura iki cyegeranyo twifashishije inyandiko z’Umuryango wabibumbye zigaragaza Jenoside zabayeho mu mateka.
Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda
Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu mwaka w’1994 ni Jenoside ifite itandukaniro z’izindi zabaye mu mateka ,yakozwe n’Abanyarwanda bayikorera abandi Banyarwanda bavuga ururimi rumwe,basangiye umuco n’ibindi nko gushyingirana kugabirana inka n’ibindi byahuzaga abanyarwanda guhera mu myaka ya kera.
Nkuko ahandi hose byagiye bigenda Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda nayo yarateguwe mu gihe kinini, nkaho habanje inyigisho zitandukanya Abanyarwanda,Kwambura ubumuntu bamwe mu Banyarwanda byose bigakorwa n’ubutegetsi . Gusa ikindi gituma iba umwihariko ni uko yakozwe mu minsi 100 gusa.
Guhera tariki ya 6 Mata kugeza tariki 4 Nyakanga mu mwaka 1994, Abatutsi barenga miliyoni imwe barishwe. Inyandiko y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yemeza ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka 1994 ifite aho ihurira cyane na Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi. Zihuzwa n’umugambi abakoze izi Jenoside bari bafite:- Kumaraho burundu ubwoko bwicwaga.
Mu gihe kandi Jenoside zabaye ahandi zagiye zihagarikwa n’abandi bantu, Jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi yo yahagaritswe n’Abanyarwanda ubwabo ( Ingabo za RPA INKOTANYI)
Jenoside y’Abanya-Armenia
Iyi Jenoside yabaye mu mwaka wa 1915, aho ubwoko bw’Abarnyarumeniya bari batuye mu cyitwaga Ubwami bw’Abami(Empire)bwa Ottoman bishwe birebererwa na Leta ya Ottoman.
Iri yicwa ry’aba baturage Ba Armenia ryatumye abitwaga ko barokotse bahungira ahantu habi nyuma nabo bakicwa n’indwara z’Ibyorezo zibasanze mu nkambi babaga bakambitsemo.Imibare itangazwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ivuga ko Abanya-Armenia barenga miliyoni imwe bishwe mu myaka 8 gusa.
Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi
Ishyaka rya NAZI ryayogoje Uburayi bwose ryagiye ku butegetsi mu Budage mu mwaka 1933.Mu byaranze amateka y’ishyaka NAZI ryayoborwaga n’umunyagitugu Adolph Hitler , harimo n’iyi Jenoside ifatwa nk’iyatwaye ubuzima bw’abantu benshi kurusha izindi zose z’abayeho mu mateka y’isi dutuye, gushotora ibihugu byose byo kumugabane w’Iburayi no kwiyita ubwoko bwatoranijwe n’Imana.
Aba-NAZI bashinjaga Abayahudi kwivanga muri Politiki z’ibihugu , bakaba baranavugaga ko ari abantu baje gusahura ubukungu bw’u Budage n’ibindi bihugu babagamo byo kumugabane w’Uburayi.
Mu mwaka wa 1938, aba NAZI batangiye kujya bafata Abayahudi bakabarundanyiriza mu nkambi zitandukanye mu gihugu cy’u Budage.
Ubusanzwe aba NAZI bari abantu bakunda intambara, uko bagendaga bigarurira uduce dutandukanye tw’u Burayi, aho bageraga hose bafataga Abayahudu bakabarundanyiriza mu nkambi, ariko umugambi wabo wari utaramenyekana.
Ubwo ingabo z’Abadage zagabaga igitero mu bihugu bitandukanye, ibi byatumye Abayahudu barenga milinyoni imwe bicwa.
Ibyo ntibyahagarariye aho, aba NAZI bakomeje kujya bubaka inkambi zo kwiciramo Abayahudi mu duce twa Auschwitz-Birkanau, Treblinka, Belzec, Chelmno na Sobibor, Abayahudi barenga miliyoni 2 barishwe hakoreshwe imyuka y’uburozi, cyangwa bakabashyira aho babakoreraho igeregeza mu mamashini.
Kubera ko izo nkambi Abayahudi babagamo zari zimeze nabi cyane, ibi byatumye abenshi bapfa. Amakuru ava mu muryango w’Abibumbye agaragaza ko umubare w’Abayahudi wishwe muri Jenoside utazwi neza, Gusa bikekwako abarenga miliyoni 6 bishwe ku mugabane w’u Burayi, mu mwaka wa 1945 .
Jenoside yakorewe abanya-Cambodia
Tariki ya 14, Werurwe mu mwaka 1975, nibwo Umunyagitugu Khmer Rouge yatorewe kuyobora Cambodia, Yahise atangaza ko abantu baba muri Cambodia bafite ubushobozi budahagije batagomba kwihanganirwa.
Khmer Rouge akijyaho yahise avanaho icyitwa uburezi, amadini, amavuriro n’ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga arabihagarika. Khmer Rouge yategetse ko abatuye mu mijyi ya Cambodia bahimuka ku ngufu ndetse bagakora akazi kose badahembwa.
Abaturage bageze mu za bukuru bananiwe gukora batarya, baricwa.Uyu kandi yanaciye iteka ryo kwica umuntu uwo ari we wese yakekaga ko atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwe.
Khmer Rouge yakomeje kujya yibasira abaganga, abarimu n’abandi bari barize, ubwo batangiye kujya batotezwa bakanicwa, ibi byose byakorerwaga muri gereza yitwa Tuol Sleng.
Mu myaka 4 gusa Khmer Rouge yamaze ku butegetsi, abaturage bari hagati ya miliyoni 1-2 barishwe.
Jenoside yakorewe muri Bosiniya
Mu mwaka 1991Yugoslavia yatangiye kujya yicamo ibice bitewe b’amoko yabari bayituye. Muri icyo gihe, Slovania yatangiye gusaba ubwigenge nyamara ari nako ubuzima bw’abantu buhazimira, bidatinze Croatia nayo yahise itangaza ko ikeneye Ubwigenge,ibi byahise biba intandaro y’intambara y’amoko yayogoje Yugoslavia.
Guhera ubwo, ingabo za Yugoslavia zinjiye mu gace ka Croatia, abaturage batari bake barishwe, cyane mu gace ka Vukovar, Hifashishijwe abasirikare babanya -Serbia abaturage batangiye kwicwa ku buryo bubabaje.
Nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa, hari mu mwaka 1992, izindi ntara zatangije imivurungano yo gushaka Ubwigenge, zimwe murizo zari Bosnia na Herzegovina ( Izi zaje kubyara igihugu cya Bosnia Herzegovina) ibi yatumye haba imirwano ikomeye hagati y’abaturage n’ingabo ziturutse muri Serbia.
Nkuko bigenda mu bihe by’umutekano muke n’intambara bamwe mu Basirikare ba Leta bagendaga bafata ku ngufu abagore no kwica abaturage babasivili batagira ingano.
Ingabo za Bosnia zari ziyobowe na General Radko Mladic zishe abagabo n’abasore bagera ku bihumbi 75. Ibi byatumye umuryango Wabibumbye ushyiraho urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho Yugoslavia mu mwaka wa 1993.Iyi Jenosideyakorewe abanya-Bosnia babasivili yatwaye ubuzima bw’abagera ku bihumbi 97.
Comments
12 April 2018
Ndabona bimwe waragiye ubisoma ahantu utarigeze ubyiga.nkaho uvuga ngo umutegetsi witwaga khmer rouge.uyu si umuntu ahubwo ni itsinda ry’umutegetsi witwaga pol pot.gusa wagerageje nku munyamakuru.merci