Reba ibintu bitangaje ku icumu ritagatifu ryacumiswe Yesu mu rubavu abategetsi benshi bamaraniye
N’ubwo yabambwe nk’umugome ariko ibyakoreshejwe byose bamubamba byahindutse ibirango n’ibyububasha bidasanzwe, kuko yari umwami w’abami.
Nk’uko byanditswe mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana 19:34, ubwo Yesu yari ku musaraba umwe mu basirikare yamucumise icumu mu rubavu havamo amazi avaze n’amaraso.
Ibi byabaye kugira ngo ibyahanuwe n’umuhanuzi Yesaya bisohore. “Nyamara ibicumuro byacu ni byo yacumitiwe, yashenjaguriwe gukiranirwa kwacu, igihano kiduhesha amahoro cyari kuri we, kandi imibyimba ye niyo adukirisha” Yesaya 53:5”.
Nk’uko biri mu myizerere ya Gikristo, amaraso n’amazi byavuye mu rubavu rwa Yesu nibyo adukirisha ibyaha, indwara n’izindi ntimba zitandukanye.
Nk’uko bisobanurwa n’abahanga batandukanye mu bumenyamana (théologie), umusirikare wateye Yesu icumu mu rubavu amazina ye ni LONGINUS akaba yari umusirikare uyobora itsinda ry’abasirikare 100 mu ngabo za Pilato akaba yarafite inararibonye mu kwica urubozo abo shebuja Pilato yamaze guciraho iteka ryo gupfa.
Ariko LONGINUS yaje kugira ikibazo cy’uburwayi apfa ijisho ibi byamuteye ubusembwa butashoboraga gutuma aguma kuba mu ngabo ariko na none bitewe nuko shebuja Pilato yamwemeraga nk’umusirikare ufite uburambe mu kubabaza abantu yabonaga kumutakaza mu ngabo ze yaba ahombye cyane.
Niko kumuhindurira inshingano amuvana mu mutwe yakoragamo amujyana kuba ukuriye ibikorwa byo ku musozi wa Gologota I Nyabihanga umusozi wicirwagaho abamaze guhabwa igihano cg’ urupfu cyo ku musaraba.
Abicirwaga kuri uyu musozi babaga ari abagome bagombaga kwicwa urupfu rw’agashinyaguro kuko bavugaga ko abo banzwe n’Imana ndetse n’isi ikaba itabemera, niyo mpamvu bababambaga ku musaraba ngo batandukane n’isi n’ijuru.
Nk’uko yari abimenyereye mu kubabaza abantu kwe, Longinus yategetse ko bavuna amaguru abari babambanywe na Yesu ngo bapfe vuba kuko isabato yari yegereje ariko bajya kugera kuri Yesu we basanga yapfuye batamuvunnye amaguru (Yohana19:32). Ibi byarakaje Longinus kuba Yesu atanze atamuvunnye amaguru, n’uburakari bwinshi niko kumutera icumu mu rubavu agira ngo arebe koko ko yapfuye havamo amazi n’amaraso ariko ibi byabereye Longinus umugisha kuko amazi avanze n’amaraso byaguye kuri rya jisho ryari rihumye rirahumuka.
Iri cumu Longinus yakoresheje ashinyaguza urubavu rwa Kristo ryaje gufatwa nk’icumu ridasanzwe ndetse abami b’abami benshi barifata nk’ikirango cy’ububasha butangaje bakoreshaga berekana ko ubwami bwabo bukomeye.
Ryafashwe kandi nk’intwaro ikomeye ku buryo urifite atashobora gutsindwa kubw’iyo mpamvu buri umwe wese washakaga kuba igihangange ku isi no kubaka ubwami butanyeganyega yarwanaga iy’inkundura kugirango iryo cumu arifate mu biganza bye. Iri cumu ryagiye rihabwa amazina atandukanye ariko iryahuriwe ho nabenshi ndetse arinaryo ryatumaga rimaranirwa rikanizerwamo imbaraga ni Icumu Ritagatifu.
Kuva mu kinyejana cya mbere kugeza mu cya gatandatu iri cumu ryari mu biganza by’ubwami bw’abami bw’abaroma ribitswe muri Bazirika yitiriwe Umutagatifu Petero, Umwami w’abami w’abaroma yakoresheje iri cumu nk’ikimenyetso cyo gukomera ku bwami bwe ndetse akavugako igihe cyose arifite nta washobora kumurwanya ngo amutsinde kandi ni nako ryasimburanaga mu biganza by’abami b’abaromani uko ingoma zasimburanaga.
Ahagana mu 1350, Umwami w’abami w’abadage witwaga Charles Magne (soma sharire manye) yarwaniye gupfa no gukirango iri cumu arishyikire amaze kurifata yarikoresheje mu ntambara aho ngo ingabo ze zizeraga ko iyo arishyize hejuru batsindaga urugamba yarimanura bagatsindwa. Uku niko ubwami bw’abadage bwakomeje gufata iri cumu ritagatifu nk’intwaro ikomeye yabafashije kuba igihangange ku isi. Mu 1806, ubwo ubwami butagatifu bw’abaromani bwasenyukaga burundu iri cumu ryatwawe mu nzu ndangamurage ya Hofburg(ofubage) mu mugi wa Vienne muri Otrishe.
Mu 1908 Hitler yamenye iby’iri cumu. uko yakuraga afite inyotay’ubutegetsi no kuba umwami w’abami w’abadage kandi akabyutsa ubwami bw’abadage mu burayi, yumvaga icyamufasha kugera ku nzozi ze ntakindi uretse gushyikira icumu ritagatifu.
Ku wa 12/03/ 1938 ingabo za Hitler zigaruriye igihugu cya Otrishe ariko aziha amabwiriza yo kurwanira gushira ariko bagashyikira icumu ritagatifu kandi ababwira ko ntawemerewe kurikozaho ibiganza mbere yuko arikoraho. Bidatize ku wa 15/03/1938, Hitler yakandagiye mu mujyi wa Vienne muri Otrishe kandi ashyira mu biganza bye icumu ryatewe mu rubavu rwa Yesu na Longinus aritwara mu majyepfo y’ubudage mu mujyi wa Nurmberg (soma nirmbege) aho ryarir yarashyizwe na Charles Magne mbere y’uko rijyanwa I Vienne.
Umugenerali w’umunyamerika witwa George Patton we yise iri cumu ingabo irinze ubukiristo ku isi, yagize inyota yo gufata iri cumu mu biganza bye kandi yumvaga kurigira akanaritwaramu gihugu cye cya Amerika ari ubutwari no kuzana itsinzi n’ubuhangange ku gihugu cye. Ibi byatumye ubwo yarwanaga intambara ya kabiri y’isi, Patton yarwanye inkundura kandi ashyiraho itsinda ryihariye ry’abasirikari abaha n’ibikoresho bikomeye kugira ngo byanga byakunda bashyikire iri cumu.
Nyuma y’intambara y’imyaka itanu, mu 1945 ubwami bwa Hitler bwarasenyutse ndetse ingabo za Generale Patton zishyikira icumu ritagatifu zirikuye mu buvumo ryari ryashyizwemo n’ingabo za Hitler mu mugi wa Nermberg.
Nyuma y’impaka ndende, mu 1951 icumu ritagatifu ryasubijwe mu ngoro ndangamuco ya Ofubage (Hofburg) mu mujyi wa Vienne muri Otirishe aho Hitler yari yararikuye akaba ari naho riri magingo aya kandi rikaba ririnzwe mu buryo bukomeye.