Perezida Biden na Putin bamaze amasaha 5 baganira ku nshuro ya mbere
Prezida Joe Biden na Vladimir Putin bari mu mubonani w’amasaha atanu i Geneve mu Busuwisi ngo barebe niba babona icyo bahurizaho.
Prezida Putin yahise abwira abanyamakuru ko bavuganye ku mugambi w’umutekano w’intwaro za kirimbuzi.
Yavuze ko ibyo biganiro ku ngingo zimwe byabaye ingirakamaro.
Aba baperezi ba Amerika n’Ubusiya bahanye ukuboko igihe biyerekaga ibyuma bifotora imbere yo kwinjira mu nzu ya Villa La Grande iri ku kiyaga Geneva.
Nta byinshi byitezwe kuva muri uyu mubonano. Nta n’amagambo meza bigeze babwirana imbere y’iyi nama, nubwo Bwana Biden yirinze gusubiramo ibyo ahora avuga ko Bwana Putin ari umwicanyi.
Moscow nta gaciro yigeze iha impungenge za Washington. Bwana Putin yavuze ko bashobora gukorera hamwe mu bijyanye no kugabanya intwaro za kirimbuzi, intambara zo muri Syria na Libya hamwe n’ihinduka ry’ikirere.
Icyo Putin mu by’ukuri ashaka kuri Biden
Mbere na mbere, Uburusiya buherutse gushyira Amerika ku rutonde rwa "leta zibangamiye" icyo gihugu.
Buri ruhande ruvuga ko umubano wageze hasi kandi nta gihugu na kimwe muri ibi gifite ambasaderi uba mu kindi agihagarariyemo.
Abategetsi bo hejuru bo mu Burusiya bafatiwe ibihano n’Amerika bishingiye ku bintu bitandukanye, birimo nko kuba bwariyometseho akarere ka Crimea (Crimée) ko muri Ukraine n’ibivugwa ko bwivanze mu matora ya perezida muri Amerika.
Ndetse no kuba babiri bahoze ari abasirikare bo mu mutwe w’ingabo zirwanira mu mazi z’Amerika ubu bafungiye mu Burusiya - umwe muri bo yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 16 ahamijwe gukora ubutasi.
Icyiyongera kuri ibyo byose, hari igihe mu kwezi kwa gatatu uyu mwaka Joe Biden yemeranyije n’uwamubazaga niba kuri we Vladimir Putin ari "umwicanyi".
Nyamara ariko, aba bagabo biteganyijwe ko kuri uyu wa gatatu bahurira mu nama ya mbere nk’abaperezida, kandi bamwe mu Burusiya babona ibyo ubwabyo ari igikorwa gikomeye igihugu cyabo kigezeho.
Ni ikintu gishingiye ku gihagararo
Andrey Kortunov, ukuriye ikigo RIAC cy’ubushakashatsi ku mubano w’ibihugu cy’i Moscou (Moscow) mu Burusiya, agira ati:
"Iyi nama ni ingenzi ku bijyanye n’ishusho [itanga]; ishyira Uburusiya ku rwego rumwe n’Amerika, kandi kuri Putin icyo ishushanyije ntabwo ari ikintu kidafite icyo kivuze"
Iyi nama ibaye mu bihe bya mbere by’ubutegetsi bwa Bwana Biden, mu gihe cy’uruzinduko rwe rwa mbere mu mahanga kandi ku busabe bwe - aya akaba ari amanota y’inyongera ku butegetsi bw’Uburusiya.
Kandi ni inama yuzuye - ntabwo ari uguhura by’akanya gato byo ku ruhande bahuriye mu yindi nama.
Ndetse nubwo yari afite byinshi kuri gahunda yo muri urwo ruzinduko, harimo n’inama yo ku wa mbere ku cyicaro gikuru cy’umuryango w’ubwirinzi bw’Uburayi n’Amerika (OTAN/NATO) i Buruseli mu Bubiligi, hari ugushishikarira by’umwihariko aho Joe Biden asoreje uru ruzinduko rwe rw’i Burayi - inama imuhuza imbonankubone na Vladimir Putin kuri uyu wa gatatu.
Umusesenguzi wa politiki Lilia Shevtsova na we yungamo ati: "Nta gushidikanya Putin arashaka kungana na Perezida w’Amerika. Arashaka kubahwa ku kigero kimwe na we".
"Putin arashaka kugaragaza imitsi [imbaraga] no kuba umunyamuryango wo muri iri tsinda".
Amateka n’icyizere
Guhitamo Genève nk’aho gukorera iyi nama byibutsa indi nama yo mu gihe cy’intambara y’ubutita mu 1985: inama ya mbere yahuje uwari Perezida w’Amerika Ronald Reagan n’uwari umukuru w’Ubumwe bw’Abasoviyeti Mikhail Gorbachev.
Ariko nta kinini cyitezwe ko iyi nama yo kuri uyu wa gatatu ishobora kugeraho kingana n’uburyo abo bategetsi bandi bahuje urugwiro icyo gihe cyangwa uburyo bahosheje ubushyamirane.
Ubutegetsi bw’Amerika bwo muri iki gihe buvuga ko intego yabwo ari ukugirana n’Uburusiya umubano w’"ituze" kandi "ugaragaza aho werekeza".
Ariko gutuma abantu bakomeza kwibaza - kandi bahangayitse - ni bwo buryo buranga imikorere ya Vladimir Putin kuva ubwo abasirikare b’Uburusiya, biyoberanyije mu myenda y’ingabo y’icyatsi kibisi idafite ibirango, binjiraga muri Crimea mu 2014 bakigarurira ako karere kagizwe n’umwigimbakirwa (peninsula) bakakomeka ku Burusiya bagakuye kuri Ukraine.
Ibyo byabaye intandaro y’uku guhungabana k’umubano hagati y’Uburusiya n’Amerika.
Madamu Shevtsova, wa musesenguzi wa politiki, ati: "Intego ishoboka kurushaho yaba kumenya aho imirongo itukura [ntarengwa] kuri buri ruhande iherereye" ndetse no "gusobanukirwa ko ibiganiro ari byo nzira yabakura mu manga [y’ibibazo]".
Ati: "Niba bataganiriye, bizarushaho kudasobanuka aho Uburusiya burimo kwerekeza".
Bashobora kugira icyo bageraho?
Mu mpera y’icyumweru gishize, Vladimir Putin yabwiye televiziyo y’igihugu ko hari "ibibazo dushobora gufatanyamo" n’Amerika, uhereye ku biganiro bijyanye n’igenzura rishyashya ry’intwaro za nikleyeri, kuganira ku bibazo byo mu karere birimo Syria na Libya, ndetse n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Bwana Putin yagize ati: "Niba dushoboye gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukorera hamwe kuri ibyo bibazo, ntekereza ko dushobora kuvuga ko inama itabaye impfabusa".
Bamwe mu Burusiya bavuga ko agahenge "mu ntambara zishingiye kuri dipolomasi" na ko gashoboka.
Amerika yirukanye abadipolomate b’Uburusiya babarirwa muri za mirongo ndetse ifunga inyubako ebyiri mu myaka ya vuba aha ishize; ubu ibiro by’abahagarariye Amerika mu Burusiya bigiye kutemererwa gukoresha abantu bo mu Burusiya, bivuze igabanuka rikomeye ry’ibikorwa birimo gutanga impushya zo kujya mu mahanga (visas).
Uburusiya bushobora kwiharahara bukemera ko ambasaderi wabwo asubira i Washington.
Amerika iranakomoza ku Banyamerika bafungiye mu Burusiya, barimo Paul Whelan wafunzwe mu 2018 agahamwa no gukora ubutasi, icyaha buri gihe yakomeje guhakana.
Uburusiya buherutse kongera gushaka ko habaho guhererekanya imfungwa - ariko ibyo busaba kugeza ubu ntibishoboka ko Amerika yabyubahiriza, kandi kuba Bwana Putin we ubwe yakora ubugiraneza akarekura izo mfungwa bisa nk’ibidashoboka.
Uburayi n’Amerika bihanganye n’Uburusiya
Perezida w’Uburusiya aherutse kuvuga ibidasanzwe, ashimangira igitekerezo cye ko abona Uburayi n’Amerika bihanganye n’igihugu cye.
Mu nama ku bukungu yabereye mu mujyi wa St Petersburg muri uku kwezi kwa gatandatu, yongeye kuvuga ko Amerika ishaka "guhagarika" iterambere ry’Uburusiya.
Iminsi micyeya mbere yaho, yari yakangishije "gukura amenyo" umushotoranyi uwo ari we wese w’umunyamahanga ushaka "kuruma" Uburusiya, ashimangira ko isi icyeneye gukanguka ikabona igihagararo n’imbaraga Uburusiya bwisubije.
Bwana Kortunov, wo mu kigo RIAC cy’ubushakashatsi ku mubano w’ibihugu cy’i Moscou, ati:
"Biraboneka ko yemera ko Amerika ari uwo bahanganye utifuriza Uburusiya ineza, kandi sintekereza ko uku kuyibona gutya bizahinduka".
Nubwo bimeze gutyo ariko, avuga ko Uburusiya bushobora gushaka uburyo bwagabanyaho gato ku bushyamirane.
Gucubya umwuka mubi
Bwana Kortunov ati: "Nk’umunyapolitiki ushyira mu gaciro, Putin yakwifuza kugabanya ingaruka n’ibyago bijyanye n’umubano wo guhangana".
Ibyo birimo ibihano byo mu rwego rw’ubukungu: ibiheruka byagabanyije ubushobozi bwa leta bwo gukusanya amafaranga ikoresha kandi izindi ngamba zafatwa zishobora kwangiza byinshi kurushaho, zikongera ibibazo mu bukungu muri uyu mwaka w’ingenzi uzabamo amatora.
Bwana Kortunov ati: "Abaturage b’Uburusiya ubu nta mashyushyu bafite y’’intsinzi’ zo mu bubanyi n’amahanga zabarutira gukemura ibibazo bikomeye by’imibereho n’ubukungu biri iwabo".
"Icyo Putin yaba ashaka icyo ari cyo cyose, sintekereza ko ashobora kugira ikintu na kimwe yunguka [mu Burusiya] mu kongera ubushyamirane".
Nta kuntu atihanangirizwa
Icyo Vladimir Putin adashaka, ariko yiteguye guhura na cyo, ni ukwihanangirizwa ku bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu - harimo n’ikibazo cya Alexei Navalny, umunyapolitiki utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’Uburusiya mbere wari warozwe, ubu akaba afunzwe.
Ibiro bya politiki bya Navalny ndetse n’iby’umuryango we urwanya ruswa byarahagaritswe, urukiko rwo mu Burusiya ruvuga ko ari iby’"ubuhezanguni", icyemezo byari koroha ko cyashoboraga gukererezwa kigatangazwa nyuma y’iyi nama.
Aho kubigenza gutyo, ahubwo bisa nkaho igihe uwo mwanzuro w’urukiko watangarijwe cyari kigamije gutanga ubutumwa: ko Vladimir Putin azakomeza gusyonyora abatavugarumwe na we kandi ko ibyo nta na kimwe birebaho Amerika.
Umusesenguzi Madamu Shevtsova, mu buryo burimo kubannyega (kubaninura), arateganya ati: "Biden aratera intero ye - atangirire kuri Navalny no ku burenganzira bwa muntu; nuko na Putin atere intero ye - ko Amerika na yo ari uko".
Ati: "Ariko kuba iyi nama ibaye bivuze ko nyuma y’ifunguro ryoroheje [ryo gusamura] ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu, bari bujye ku ifunguro nyamukuru. Kandi iryo ni: reka tugire icyo dukora kugira ngo tugabanye ubushyamirane".
BBC