Mu gihe Vladimir Putin azuzuza imyaka 70 y’amavuko kuri uyu wa gatanu, ni gute uyu mugabo yabaye umutegetsi ubu washyizwe mu kato nyuma yo gutera Ukraine?
Ibintu birindwi by’ingenzi mu buzima bwe byubatse imitekerereze ye kandi bisobanura impamvu agenda yitandukanya kurushaho n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba.
Kwinjira muri Judo, 1964
Yavukiye i Leningrad umujyi wari ugishegeshwe n’ingaruka z’iminsi 872 yari yarafashwe mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi, akiri umuhungu muto Vladimir yakundaga kurwana ku (...)

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Mu gihe Vladimir Putin azuzuza imyaka 70 y’amavuko kuri uyu wa gatanu, ni gute uyu mugabo yabaye umutegetsi ubu washyizwe mu kato nyuma yo gutera Ukraine?

Ibintu birindwi by’ingenzi mu buzima bwe byubatse imitekerereze ye kandi bisobanura impamvu agenda yitandukanya kurushaho n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba.

Kwinjira muri Judo, 1964

Yavukiye i Leningrad umujyi wari ugishegeshwe n’ingaruka z’iminsi 872 yari yarafashwe mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi, akiri umuhungu muto Vladimir yakundaga kurwana ku ishuri – ishuti ye ya hafi yibuka ko “yashoboraga kurwana na buri wese” kuko “ntiyatinyaga.”

Kuba yari agahungu gato mu magara mu mujyi wari wuzuye amatsinda y’ibirara ku mihanda yari akeneye akarusho, maze ku myaka 12 atangira umukino wa Sambo, umukino njyarugamba wo mu Burusiya, nyuma yinjira muri Judo.

Yari afite umuhate n’ikinyabupfura, yageze ku myaka 18 afite umukandara w’umukara muri judo n’umwanya wa gatatu mu gihugu mu irushanwa ry’ingimbi.

Nta kabuza, ibi bifatwa nka kimwe mu bigize imiterere ye y’umuntu ukunda kuba hejuru y’abandi, ariko bikanemeza imyumvire ye ya mbere ko mu isi irimo akaga ukenera kwigirira ikizere.

Ibi kandi byumvikanye mu magambo ye ubwe ko mu gihe imirwano ari nta kabuza “ugomba gukubita mbere, kandi ugakubita cyane ku buryo uwo muhanganye atongera guhaguruka”.

Gusaba akazi muri KGB, 1968

Ubusanzwe, abantu birindaga kujya kuri 4 Liteyny Prospekt, ibiro bikuru bya politike bya KGB i Leningrad. Benshi bari baraciye mu ibazwa ryayo mu twumba duto cyangwa mu zindi nyubako zayo ziteye ubwoba ku butegetsi bwa Stalin.

Ariko ku myaka 16 Putin yinjiye muri iyi nyubako yemye agera aho bakirira abantu atungura uwamwakiriye amubaza uko yakwinjira muri ako kazi ko kuneka. Yabwiwe ko agomba kubanza gukora igisirikare cyangwa kurangiza kaminuza, anabaza ‘degree’ bijyanye ya kaminuza yakwiga.

Amategeko, niko yabwiwe – maze kuva ubwo, Putin yiyemeza kwiga amategeko, ayarangije koko yinjira muri urwo rwego. Kuri Putin wari uzi amatsinda y’abagizi ba nabi bo ku mihanda y’iwabo, KGB niyo yari itsinda rikomeye mu mujyi, agaha umutekano n’ubufasha n’umuntu udafite ishyaka bahuriyemo.

Putin kandi yemeraga impinduka n’ingaruka umutasi ashobora kugira, nk’uko yigeze kubivuga ubwe avuga kuri filimi z’ubutasi yabonye akiri muto ati: “intasi imwe ishobora kugena ibiba ku buzima bw’abantu ibihumbi.”

Kugotwa n’ikivunge, 1989
N’ikizere cyose yari afite, akazi ke muri KGB ntikigeze kaboneka cyane. Yari umukozi witanga ariko ntagere hejuru. Yaje gusaba kwiga Ikidage, maze ibi bituma yoherezwa mu biro bya KGB i Dresden mu Budage mu 1985.

Aho yatuye mu buzima bw’umukozi mpuzamahanga, ariko mu Ugushyingo(11) 1989, ubutegetsi bw’Ubudage bw’Uburasirazuba butangira gutembagara, byihuse cyane.

Tariki 05 Ukuboza(12) ikivunge cy’abantu cyagose inzu ikoreramo KGB i Dresden. Putin yahise aterefona ibirindiro biri hafi by’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti ngo bamutabare, ariko bamusubiza ko “ntacyo twakora nta mabwiriza duhawe na Moscow. Kandi Moscow iracecetse.”

Putin yize gutinya gusenyuka k’ubutegetsi – yiyemeza kutazasubiramo ibyo yumva nk’ikosa ryakozwe na Mikhail Gorbachev – kudasubizanya mucyeba imbaduko n’umuhate.

Amasezerano yo ‘kugurana ibiryo ibitoro’, 1992

Putin nyuma yavuye muri KGB mu gihe Ubumwe bw’Abasoviyeti bwasenyukaga, ahita abona akazi vuba nk’umukozi ufasha mu bikorwa ‘mayor’ mushya w’umujyi ubu witwa St Petersburg.

Ubukungu bwariho buhanantuka, Putin yari ashinzwe kuyobora igikorwa cyo kugerageza gufasha abatuye uwo mujyi kuramuka, kugurana ibitoro n’ibyuma by’agaciro ka miliyoni $100 bagahabwa ibiribwa.

Mu ngiro, nta muntu wabonye ibyo biryo, ahubwo iperereza – ryahise ripfukiranwa vuba – ryanzuye ko Putin, inshuti ze, n’amatsinda y’urugomo yo muri uwo mujyi bitwariye amafaranga.

Mu myaka ya 1990, Putin yize vuba vuba ko kubona ijambo muri politiki ari nk’igicuruzwa kigurwa amafaranga, kandi amatsinda y’urugomo yaba abantu bo kubigufashamo.

Mu gihe abantu bose b’iruhande rwe bariho bakura inyungu ku myanya yabo, kuki na we atari kugenza atyo?

Gutera Georgia, 2008

Bidashobotse yahise acika intege, nyuma ararakara, abona ko iburengerazuba barimo kugerageza gushyira Uburusiya mu kato no kubuca intege.

Ubwo Perezida Mikheil Saakashvili wa Georgia yiyemezaga kwinjiza iki gihugu muri OTAN, Putin yabonye ko uyu ashaka kwisubiza ijambo ku gace gashyigikiwe n’Uburusiya ka South Ossetia kashakaga kwigenga mu majyepfo, ahita abyita impamvu y’ibitero byo guhana.

Mu minsi itanu, ingabo z’Uburusiya zazimije igisirikare cya Georgia bituma haba kumvikana ku mahoro ariko mu gisebo kuri perezida Mikheil Saakashvili.

Iburengerazuba bararakaye, mu gihe mu mwaka umwe, Perezida Barack Obama wa Amerika yariho asaba Moscow ko “batangira bushya” umubano n’Uburusiya, ndetse bwari buherutse guhabwa kwakira igikombe cy’isi.

Imyigaragambyo i Moscow, 2011-13

Kwemera kwa benshi – kandi gufite ishingiro – ko amatora y’abagize inteko ishingamategeko yarimo uburiganya kwateye imyigaragambyo, yarushijeho gukara ubwo Putin yavugaga ko azongera akiyamamaza mu matora ya 2012.

Iyi myigaragambyo izwi nka "Bolotnaya Protests" kubera kuzuza iyo mbuga izwi i Moscow yabaye ijambo rinini kurusha andi y’ibyo rubanda itemera, ku butegetsi bwa Putin.

We yemeraga ko iyo myigaragambyo yateguwe, igashishikazwa, ikanayoborwa na Washington, abishinja Hillary Clinton ubwe, uyu yari ashinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga bwa Amerika.

Kuri Putin, byari ikimenyetso ko bakuyeho agakingirizo, ko iburengerazuba bamuziye, kandi ko kubera iyo mpamvu ari mu ntambara.

Akato kadasanzwe kubera Covid, 2020 - 21

Ubwo Covid-19 yacaga ibintu ku isi, Putin yagiye mu kato kadasanzwe kuko uwajyaga kubonana nawe wese yajyaga mu kato kagenzuwe k’ibyumweru bibiri, maze yaza akanyura mu kirongozi kirimo imiti n’imirasire ya ultraviolet byica za virus.

Muri icyo gihe, umubare w’inshuti n’abajyanama babashije guhura nawe imbonankubone waragabanutse cyane, basigara ari abagabo mbarwa bemera ibyo avuze gusa.

Muri icyo gihe yabonaga ibitekerezo bicye cyane bibona ibintu ukundi, bisa n’aho Putin “yize” ko ibyo yibwira byose ari ukuri kandi ko impamvu ze zose zifite ishingiro, nuko imbuto z’ibitero kuri Ukraine irabibwa.

BBC