Uruvu rubarizwa mu nyamaswa z’ibikururanda. Aka gasimba kamabara nikamwe munyamaswa nke zishobora guhinduranya ambara y’uruhu rwazo. Gusa benshi bibeshyako uruvu cyangwa se chameleons zihindagura amabara yazo kugirango zise naho ziri ariko ibi si ukuri nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwabigaragaje.

Amakuru agaragaza ibyiciri by’ibinyabuzima ( Integrated Taxonomic Information System),agaragaza ko izi nyamaswa ziri mu moko agera ku 171. Muri ayo moko yose atandukanye, zigiye zifite n’ingano zitandukanye.

Burya ngo uruvu rushobora kugeza kuri santimetero 69.5 z’uburebure. Uruvu ruto rwo ngo rufite umwihariko wo kuba arirwo ruto cyane kurusha ibindi bikururanda byose bibaho rwavumbuwe.

Urubuga The Live Science, rugaragaza ko uruvu ruto (izi tubona ku bibabi by’ibiti) rushobora gukura rukageza kuri santimetero 16 gusa ku buryo rushobora no guhagarara ku kantu gato cyane gashoboka ntirugwe.

Bitandukanye n’izindi nyamaswa, chameleon zishobora gukura ubuzima bwazo bwose, bivuze ko rutagera igihe ngo ruhagarike gukura.

Uko uruhu rwazo rushaje rugenda rurushaho kuba ruto, zigenda zirwivanaho gatogato bitandukanye n’inzoka zirwiyubururaho rwose icyarimwe.

Guhindagura amabara kw’inzumvu nikimwe mu by’ingenzi mu guhana amakuru hagati yazo. Nkuko icyanya cy’inyamaswa cya San Diego kibigaragaza, uruhu rw’uruvu cyangwa chameleon ruhindura ibara bitewe n’amaranga mutima yarwo, harimo nk’uburakari,ubwoba guhinduka k’urumuri, ubushyuhe cyangwa ubuhehere.

Chameleon y’ingabo ifite Ibara ricyeye, ikurura za chameleon z’igitsina gore cyane. Izingabo zidakurura ingore cyane nizo usanga zifite ibara ry’ikinombe cyangwa umweru udakeye cyane.

Za chameleon z’ingore zo ngo burya zifashisha amabara kugirango zemere cyangwa zange iy’igitsina gabo zishobora kwiyumvanamo. Ikindi ni uko ibara ryazo rishobora kwerekana nimba zitwite.

Ubushakashatsi bushya bwagaragaje ko chameleons zishobora guhindura ibara ryazo byihuse cyane zongereye utundi turemangingo(cells) tudasanzwe twitwa iridophore kuri buri gace ku’ruhu rwazo.

Zishobora no guhindura imiterere cyangwa uturemangingo two ku gice cyo hejuru aho zigerageza kwishyira mu mutuzo cyangwa gushimisha uruhu, bituma uruhu ruhinduka mu mabara, nkuko ubushakashatsi bwa bigaragaje.

Inzumvu ushobora kuzisanga mu bihugu nka Madagascar, Africa, Espanye(Spain) ,Portugal ,no mu mashyamba ya Aziya, savanna, no mu myigimba butayu( semi-deserts) ,nkuko bigaragazwa na San Diego.

Akenshi izinyamaswa zikunze kwibera mu biti no mu bihuru nubwo hari izimwe zibera kubutaka. Nk’urugero, chameleon zifite amahembe ziba mu bigunda byumye ndetse no mu mashyamba ariko hasi.

Imico n’imyitwarire itangaje y’uruvu

Inzumvu nyinshi zigira imirizo ifatira ku buryo ziyikoresha mu gufata amababi cyangwa amashami y’ibiti. Amaboko yazo n’ibirenge bifite amano maremare azifasha kugundira amashami y’ibiti.

Uretse guhindangura ibara ry’uruhu,chameleons zifite undi mwihariko izindi nyamaswa zitagira. Amaso yazo zishobora kuyahindukiza uko zishaka, kuburyo zishobora kureba mu byerekezo bibiri bitandukanye icyarimwe.

Undi mwihariko w’uruvu ni uko rushobora kuzengurutsa amaso yarwo kuri dogere 360, ku buryo ruyatunga ku kintu vuba rukanatubura ingano y’icyo rureba nk’uko kamera dusanzwe tuzi zibikora.

Chameleon ni inyamaswa iba yonyine. Akenshi iz’ingore ntizituma ingabo zizegera. Bitari kenshi mu gihe iy’ingore(chameleon) ishaka gukorwaho,iy’ingabo irayegera kugirango iyibangurire. Ingabo ifite akabara gakeye gasa neza akenshi niyo ingore ziyumvamo cyane kurusha isanabi.

Ibyo zirya

Inzumvu zirya udusimba n’inyoni. Kugirango zibone umuhigo wazo, ziranyonyomba zikegera aho icyo zishaka kurya kiri, zigasohora ururimi rwazo ruzinze nk’igikombe zigahita zifata agasimba. Ururimi rw’uruvu rushobora kuba rurerure inshuro ebyiri kuruta uko rureshya ubwarwo mugihe rurusohoye rugiye gufata nk’agasimba, nk’uko Encyclopedia Britannica yabigaragaje.

Amazi ni ingenzi cyane mu buzima no gukura k’uruvu. Rushobora kuyakuruza uru rimi rwayo cyangwa rukayakuruza umwuka (ruyiyuka).

Uko zororoka

Chameleon zitandukanye cyane n’ibindi bikururanda kubera ko hari izishobora, imwe yonyine kubyara abana 30 icyarimwe nyuma yo gutwita amezi ane cyangwa atandatu. Nubwo ibyana byazo biba biri mu magi, inzumvu zibibyara ari bizima kuko aho gutera amagi ngo ziyararire, zo ziyararira ari mu nda aho kuya raririra mu cyari.

Ubundi bwoko bwa chameleons butera amagi zaraririye mu gihe cy’amezi ane kugeza kuri 24, bitewe n’ubwoko wazo. Ingano y’uruvu kandi igaragaza umubare w’amagi rushobora kuzatera(mu nda yarwo). Uruvu ruto rutera amagi hagati y’abiri n’ane mu gihe urukuru rutera amagi kuva kuri 80 kugeza 100 icyarimwe.