Ikibazo cya Israel na Palestine gifatwa nka kimwe mu bimaze imyaka myinshi ku Isi ndetse kikaba n’intandaro y’intambara zagiye ziyogoza Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati mu bihe bitandukanye.

Benshi iyo baganira kuri iki kibazo hari ingingo ikunze kwibazwaho, hagati y’Abayahudi n’Abayisilamu ni bande babanje gutura ku butaka uyu munsi bufatwa nka Israel na Palestine?

Abagerageza gusubiza iki kibazo bashobora kubona ibisubizo bitandukanye, bitewe n’aho bahereye amateka. Ariko reka tugerageze kujya kure hashoboka.

Amateka agaragaza ko Abayahudi babaye muri aka gace ko mu Burasirazuba bwa hagati mu myaka irenga 3000 ishize.

Ubwami bwa Isiraheli n’ubw’Aba-Yuda buvugwa muri Bibiliya bwabarizwaga ku butaka uyu munsi buzwi nka Israel na Palestine. Abayahudi nibo bari bagize itsinda rya mbere ry’abantu bemeye gukurikira inyigisho za Yezu nyuma y’urupfu rwe n’izuka. Aba ni nabo babaye inkomoko y’Ubukirisitu. Iki gitekerezo mu nyandiko nicyo cyitwa Urusengero rwa mbere rwa Yeruzalemu.

Ahagana muri 70 nyuma y’Ivuka rya Yezu Abaroma bateye Yeruzalemu, mu ntambara izwi nk’iya mbere y’Abayahudi n’Abaroma (yatangiye mu 66-73).

Mu mwaka wa 70 nibwo Abaroma babashije kwigarurira neza Yeruzalemu, bica Abayahudi abandi barafungwa ndetse bamwe bagurishwa nk’abacakara. Abarokotse bahungiye hirya no hino mu Bwami bw’Abaroma (u Burayi bw’uyu munsi) no mu majyaruguru ya Afurika.

Ku rundi ruhande Abarabu tubona uyu munsi mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati ntabwo bari bahatuye. Benshi babaga mu kigobe cy’Abarabu (Arabian Peninsula) giherereye mu Majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Aziya, agace kagizwe ahanini n’ubutayu. Amoko y’Abarabu yabayeho mbere ni Aba- Bedouins.

Benshi mu Barabu bo muri ibyo bihe basengaga Imana nyinshi (Polytheism) ariko nyuma y’ivuka rya Islam bayiyoboka ku bwinshi.

Muri 632 nyuma y’urupfu rw’Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad, Abarabu bari barayobotse Islam ku bwinshi batangiye intambara zo kwagura ubutaka bwabo n’imbibi z’idini ryabo.

Nyuma yo kwigarurira iki kigobe cy’Abarabu mu buryo bwuzuye, bakurikijeho igice cya Byzantine Levant (Syria, Liban, Jordan na Palestine by’uyu Munsi).

Muri 637 aba Barabu bigaruriye Yeruzalemu yari isigayemo Abayahudi bake, abandi barahungiye hirya no hino.

Muri 636 bari babanje kwigarurira Iraq y’uyu munsi.

Mu majyaruguru ya Afurika Abarabu bayobowe na Amr ibn al-As bigaruriye Misiri, Islam igenda yagukira no mu bindi bice byo mu majyaruguru y’umugabane.

Nyuma y’aho Abarabu bigaruriye Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, iki gice cyatangiye kuvukamo Ubwami butandukanye burimo ubwa Abbasid ndetse n’ubwa Ottoman.

Abarabu bakomeje kororoka umubare wabo urenga kure uw’Abayahudi muri aka gace, cyane ko benshi bari barahunze nyuma yo guterwa n’Abaroma.

Mu 1900 ubu butaka twita Israel na Palestin bwari igice cy’ubwami bw’aba-Ottoman cyangwa se Ottoman Empire. Cyari gituwe n’abaturage b’abakirisitu, abayisilamu ndetse n’umubare muto w’Abayahudi babanaga mu mahoro.

Abatuye aka gace batangiye kuba banyamwigendaho, bamwe bumva ko bidahagije gusa ko baba abaturage b’iki gihugu bo mu bwoko bw’Abarabu, ko ahubwo ari Abanye-Palestine.

Ibi byabaye mu gihe mu Bayahudi naho hatangiye kuvuka inkundura ya ‘Zionism’ yo kuvuga ko u Buyahudi bidakwiriye kuba izina gusa, ahubwo bikwiriye no kujyana no kugira igihugu bisangamo, cyane ko Abayahudi bari bamaze igihe batotezwa hirya no hino aho babaga i Burayi.

Mu myaka ya mbere 10 y’ikinyejana cya 20 Abayahudi babarirwa mu binyacumi by’ibihumbi bari baramaze kwimukira kuri ubu butaka bwari bugize Ottoman Empire, bavuye mu Burayi.

Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi yabaye kuva mu 1914 kugeza mu 1918 yasize Ubwami bw’aba-Ottoman butsinzwe ndetse mu 1922 buraseswa mu buryo budasubirwaho.

U Bufaransa n’u Bwongereza byemeranyije kwigabanya ibi bice byo mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati.

U Bwongereza nibwo bwatwaye igice uyu munsi kibarizwaho Israel na Palestine bucyita ‘British Palestine”. Mu minsi ya mbere iki gihugu cyakomeje kwemerera Abayahudi ko baza gutura muri iki gice bavuye hirya no hino mu Burayi, ariko uko umubare wabo wakomezaga kuzamuka barushagaho gushyamirana na bagenzi babo b’Abarabu.

Umubare w’Abayahudi bava mu Burayi bajya gutura muri iki gice warushijeho kuzamuka nyuma ya Jenoside yabakorewe izwi nka ‘holocaust’ ndetse Isi yose itangira kubashyigikira kuko yabonaga aribwo buryo bwonyine bazabasha kubaho bafite amahoro.

Balfour wari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Bwongereza yashatse ko Abayahudi batuzwa muri Uganda

Havutse igitekerezo cyo kubatuza muri Uganda

Hagati aho mu gihe Abayahudi bari bakomeje gusaba ko bahabwa igihugu cyabo, u Bwongereza bwayoborwaga Palestine bwagize impungenge ko bazashyamirana n’Abarabu.

Mu 1903 Lord Balfour wari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Bwongereza n’abandi bayobozi b’iki gihugu bahisemo ko Abayahudi batuzwa muri Uganda, icyo gihe nubundi yagenzurwaga n’Ubwami bw’Abongereza.

Bavuze ko aba Bayahudi bari koherezwa muri Uganda by’agateganyo mu gihe hakiri gushakwa igihugu bazahabwa nk’igisubizo cy’igihe kirambye.

Iki gitekerezo cy’u Bwongereza cyo gutuza Abayahudi muri Uganda cyamaganiwe kure na Theodor Herzl wari uyobora iyi nkundura y’Abahudi bashakaga gutaha iwabo.

Bavuze ko kubajyana muri Afurika bidakwiriye kuko bemeraga ko Abayahudi bagomba gusubizwa ubutaka bwabo (Palestine).

Banze kujya muri Uganda kuko bavugaga ko muri Palestine bahafite amateka akomeye y’abasekuruza babo ndetse n’ashingiye ku myemerere.

Mu 1917 bwavuye ku izima mu cyiswe ‘Balfour Declaration’ butangaza ko bushyigikiye ko Abayahudi bahabwa igihugu muri Palestine.

Mu nyandiko Perezida wa Uganda, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni yashyize hanze kuri uyu wa Kabiri, agaruka ku ntambara ihanganishije Israel na Iran, yagaragaje ko iki gitekerezo cyo gutuza Abayahudi muri Uganda cyari ubucucu.

Yavuze ko ikibazo gihari uyu munsi gifitwemo uruhare n’abo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi cyane cyane Abongereza.

Ati “Abakunze kwivuruguta mu makosa, ba gashakabuhake b’Abongereza by’umwihariko umugabo witwa Lord Balfour mu 1924 yatanze Uganda ngo ibe ubutaka bw’Abayahudi!‼ mutekereze ubwo bugoryi. Abayahudi mu bwenge bwinshi barabyanze ahubwo bahitamo Palestine aho bafite amateka n’ubusabe bwumvikana. Ku bw’ibyo byari bikwiriye ifata Loni umwanzuro wo kugabanya Palestine aya moko yombi. Ni amakosa kuba bamwe mu Barabu n’abaharanira ko Iran iba igihugu kigendera ku mahame ya Islam baranze kwemera icyo gisubizo gishingiye ku mateka.”

Mu 1947, Umuryango w’Abibumbye wafashe umwanzuro wo kubagabanya iki gihugu, Abayahudi bagafata igice cyabo n’Abarabu bagafata igice cyabo. Umujyi wa Yeruzalemu, ubu bwoko bwombi bufata nk’ahantu hatagatifu, wagumye mu cyeragati ugirwa agace gahuriweho n’amahanga.

Abayahudi bemeye iyi gahunda ndetse mu 1948 batangaza ubwigenge bw’Igihugu cyabo cya ‘Israel’.

Ku rundi ruhande Abarabu batuye muri aka gace babonye iyi gahunda y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye nk’uburyo bw’amayeri y’Abanya-Burayi bashaka kubibira ubutaka. Iyi niyo yabaye intandaro y’intambara y’ibihugu by’Abarabu byihurije hamwe byiyemeza guhangana na Israel mu ntambara yabaye mu 1948.

Iyi ntambara yari igamije gushyiraho igihugu kimwe cya Palestine nk’uko byahoze mu gihe cy’ubukoloni bw’Abongereza. Byaje kurangira Israel itsinze iyi ntambara ndetse ihita gifata umwanzuro wo kurenga imipaka yari yarashyizweho n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, ifata igice kinini cya Yeruzalemu ndetse n’ubundi butaka bwagombaga kuba ubwa Palestine.

Iyi ntambara yarangiye Israel igenzura ubutaka bwose uretse Gaza yagenzurwaga na Misiri na West Bank yagenzurwaga na Jordan.

Mu 1967 Israel yongeye kwisanga mu ntambara y’iminsi itandatu n’ibi bihugu by’Abarabu, na none irangira Israel itsinze ndetse yigararuriye West Bank na Gaza. Bivuze ko iki gihe Israel yari ifite ubutaka bwose bwahoze buzwi nka ‘Palestine’ harimo na Yeruzalemu.

Museveni yavuze ko gushaka gutuza Abayahudi muri Uganda byari ubucucu