Afurika iri kwigaragaza nk’akarere kadasanzwe mu bijyanye n’iterambere ry’ubukire bw’abigenga, nubwo bimwe mu bihugu bifite ubukungu bwinshi bigaragaza ibimenyetso by’ihungabana ry’amafaranga n’ukwiyongera k’umubare w’abakire mu baturage ndetse n’abimukira. Ku rundi ruhande, ibihugu bito kandi kenshi bidahabwa agaciro biri gutangira kugabanya icyo cyuho, bigaragaza ko Afurika iri gutera imbere mu buryo burambye mu bijyanye n’ubukire.

Raporo ya Africa Wealth Report 2025, yashyizwe ahagaragara na Henley & Partners na New World Wealth, igaragaza imikorere y’ubukire n’ingaruka z’impinduka za politiki ku mibereho y’abaturage mu bukungu.

Iyi raporo yerekana ko mu myaka icumi iri imbere, umubare w’abakire muri Afurika uziyongera ku kigero cya 65%, bituma umugabane wacu uba umwe mu masoko y’ubukire akura cyane ku isi.

Hamaze kubarurwa abantu barenga miliyari 1.5 ku mugabane, kandi ubukungu bwitezwe kugera kuri tiriyari 29 z’amadorali mu 2050, bigaragaza ko Afurika iri gutunganya abakire ku muvuduko umwe n’ibihugu byateye imbere muri Aziya no mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati.

Afurika y’Epfo ikomeje kuba ku isonga

Afurika y’Epfo ikomeje kwiharira isoko rinini ry’ubukire ku mugabane wa Afurika, ifite abakire 41.100, bangana hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’abakire bose. Icyakora, mu myaka icumi ishize, umubare w’abakire muri iki gihugu wagabanutseho 6%, bitewe n’ihungabana ry’amafaranga asohoka mu gihugu, ubukungu budatera imbere, ndetse n’ibibazo mu mategeko ya politiki.

Amajyaruguru ya Afurika: Umubare w’abakire uratandukanye

Misiri iri ku mwanya wa kabiri ku mugabane wa Afurika ifite abakire 14.800 ariko yagize igabanuka rya 15% mu myaka icumi ishize, kubera ibibazo by’ubukungu bw’imbonezamubano n’umuvuduko w’agaciro k’amafaranga.

Ku rundi ruhande, Maroc yagaragaje gukura gukomeye, ifite abakire 7.500, biyongereyeho 40% kuva mu 2015, bitewe no kwiyongera kw’ishoramari ry’abanyamahanga, kwaguka kw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ndetse n’ingamba za leta ziteza imbere ubucuruzi.

Algeria yabuze abakire 23% bagera ku 2.700, bitewe no kwishingikiriza cyane ku mavuta ya peteroli no gutinda mu guhindura ubukungu.

Iburengerazuba bwa Afurika: Imihigo irakomeje

Nigeria, izwi nka kimwe mu bihugu bikize mu bukungu bw’Afurika, yagize igabanuka rikomeye mu mubare w’abakire rigera kuri 47%. Impamvu zagaragajwe harimo ihindagurika ry’agaciro k’ifaranga, ihungabana ry’imari, n’ibibazo bya politiki n’imibereho y’abaturage.

Ku rundi ruhande, Ghana yateye imbere gahoro gahoro mu rwego rw’ubukire, ifite abakire 2.600, biyongereyeho 20%, bitewe n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, peteroli, ndetse no kugerageza imirimo y’imari.

Kenya yakomeje gukura nk’ikigo cy’imari mu Burasirazuba bwa Afurika, ifite abakire 6.800 biyongereyeho 14%. Ethiopia yateye imbere ku kigero cya 30%, ifite abakire 2.400, bitewe no kwiyongera kw’imiturire y’imijyi no kwiyongera kw’ishoramari.

Mauritius yo ifite abakire 4.800 biyongereyeho 63%, bitewe n’uko ari ikigo cy’imari ndetse n’ingamba z’ishoramari zihamye.

Namibia nayo yateye imbere ifite abakire 2.500, biyongereyeho 28%, cyane cyane bitewe n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ingufu z’amashanyarazi.

Icyerekezo 2030

Mauritius biteganyijwe ko izakomeza kuba ku isonga mu kwiyongera kw’abakire, aho bazarenga 80% mu 2030. Maroc na Kenya na bo biteganyijwe ko abakire bazakomeza kwiyongera cyane, bitewe n’ishoramari ritandukanye no kwinjira mu bufatanye bw’akarere.

Ibyibanze bitera iyi mibereho y’abakire

Raporo yerekana ko gukwirakwiza ubukire muri Afurika biterwa cyane no gucunga ubukungu neza, icyizere cy’abashoramari, ndetse no gutandukanya imishinga y’iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye. Ibihugu bito byita ku ishoramari ry’abikorera byitezweho kugira uruhare runini mu kwiyongera kw’abakire mu myaka icumi iri imbere, bigahindura isura y’ubukire ku mugabane wose.