Kugeza ubu, Elon Musk, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Tesla na SpaceX, afite umutungo ukabakaba muri miliyari 385 z’amadolari y’Amerika, nk’uko Bloomberg Billionaires Index ibigaragaza.

Uyu mutungo we ujyanye cyane n’imigabane ya Tesla, ariko unakomoka ku yindi mishinga myinshi y’ubucuruzi yagiye atangiza cyangwa ashoramo imari, ibituma ahora aza ku isonga mu bantu bakize cyane ku isi, agasimburana kuri uyu mwanya n’abandi b’ibirangirire nka Jeff Bezos wa Amazon, Mark Zuckerberg wa Meta ndetse na Larry Ellison wa Oracle.

Uko umutungo wa Musk wagiye uhindagurika

Musk yavukiye muri Afurika y’Epfo, yimukira muri Canada, aza no kwiga muri Amerika aho yavuye muri kaminuza ya Stanford atarangije amasomo ya PhD. Yabaye umuherwe akiri muto cyane, kuko mu 1999 we n’umuvandimwe we Kimbal bagurishije urubuga Zip2 ku gaciro ka miliyoni 300 z’amadolari, Musk ahakura miliyoni 22.

Muri uwo mwaka wa 1999, yatangije X.com, banki yakoreraga kuri murandasi, iza kwihuza na Confinity ya Peter Thiel maze bibyara PayPal. Mu 2002, eBay yaguze PayPal kuri miliyari 1.5 z’amadolari. Nubwo Musk yari yarakuwe ku buyobozi yayivuyemo afite miliyoni 165$.

Nyuma yaho, mu 2002 yashinze SpaceX, mu 2004 atangira gushora imari muri Tesla ndetse aba Perezida w’inama y’ubuyobozi. Mu 2008 ubwo Tesla yari hafi guhomba, Musk yarayirokoye ayishyiramo miliyoni 40 z’amadolari ndetse n’inguzanyo, maze muri uwo mwaka agirwa Umuyobozi Mukuru. Icyo gihe cyari kimugoye cyane kuko Tesla yakomeje guhomba, SpaceX nayo igorwa no kohereza Falcon mu kirere, ndetse ubuzima bwe bwite nabwo bwari mu bibazo. Kuva mu 2009 yatangiye kubaho ku nguzanyo.

Tesla yajyanywe ku isoko ry’imigabane mu 2010, bigira uruhare mu kuzamura umutungo wa Musk. Mu 2012 yagaragaye bwa mbere ku rutonde rwa Forbes Billionaires afite umutungo wa miliyari 2. Mu 2016 yashinze The Boring Company, mu 2017 ashinga Neuralink.

Icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyabaye intangiriro y’izamuka rikomeye ry’umutungo we, kuko imigabane ya Tesla yarazamutse cyane. Mu ntangiriro za 2020 yari afite miliyari 30, mu mpera za 2021 umutungo we wari ugeze hafi kuri miliyari 340. Mu 2022 yaguze Twitter ku gaciro ka miliyari 44, ayiyobora kugeza mu 2023 ubwo yeguraga.

Ibyagiye byongera cyangwa bigabanya umutungo

Mu Ukuboza 2024, Musk yungutse miliyari 50 ku munsi umwe nyuma yo kugurisha imigabane ya SpaceX byazamuye agaciro kayo kagera kuri miliyari 350, bimutera kuba umuntu wa mbere wageze ku mutungo wa miliyari 400. Ariko mu mezi yakurikiyeho, imigabane ya Tesla yagabanutseho 50% kubera ibibazo bitandukanye birimo kugabanuka kw’igurishwa ry’imodoka, imyigaragambyo ndetse no kuba Musk yarahawe inshingano muri guverinoma, ibintu byatumye bamwe mu bashoramari batakariza icyizere Tesla.

Mu Kamena 2025 yagize igihombo kinini ku munsi umwe bitewe n’impaka yagiranye na Perezida Donald Trump ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ubwo Trump yashyiragaho igitekerezo cyo kumwambura amasezerano ya guverinoma. Nyamara mu mezi yakurikiyeho imigabane ya Tesla yongeye kuzamuka hejuru ya 56% kugeza muri Nzeri 2025.

Inkomoko y’umutungo wa Musk

Umutungo munini wa Musk uva kuri Tesla. Nubwo atishyurwa umushahara muri kompanyi, ahabwa imigabane igihe Tesla igeze ku ntego zikomeye z’imikorere. Gahunda yo kumuhemba miliyari 55 yasubitswe mu 2024 n’urukiko, ariko abashoramari bongeye kuyemeza nubwo urukiko rwabigumishije uko.

Muri Nzeri 2025 kompanyi yashyizeho gahunda nshya ishobora kumugira umuherwe wa mbere ku isi utunze tiriliyoni y’amadolari. Iyo gahunda igizwe n’intego 12 zizamara imyaka 10 zirimo guteza imbere agaciro ka Tesla kugera kuri tiriliyoni 8.5$, kugurisha imodoka miliyoni 12, gushyira robotaxis miliyoni imwe ku muhanda no gutegura uzamusimbura.

Uretse imigabane ya Tesla, Musk afite imigabane irenga 20% muri SpaceX, indi akayikura kuri Twitter (ubu yitwa X), The Boring Company, Neuralink n’indi mishinga mito.