Mu 2023 u Rwanda rwibasiwe n’ibihe bibiri by’ibiza bikomeye ku buryo byahitanye ubuzima bw’abatari bake. Ni ibiza by’inkuba n’inkangu ndetse nta warenza ingohe imvura nyinshi iri mu byanabaye intandaro yabyo. Byose muri uwo mwaka byatumye u Rwanda rubura abantu benshi; ibigaragaza uko imihindagurikire y’ibihe ikomeje gukururira akaga igihugu.

Amakuru aturuka mu isesengura ry’ubukana n’ibyago biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu Rwanda yo mu 2024, ashimangira ko ibyo biza bibiri ari byo byateje impfu nyinshi mu buryo butari busanzwe mu bihe bitandukanye. Hagati y’umwaka wa 2016 na 2023, inkangu zishe abantu 449, mu gihe inkuba zo zahitanye 379.

Muri icyo gihe kandi, imvura yateje imyuzure itwara ubuzima bw’abantu 259, mu gihe inkubi z’umuyaga zakomotse ku mvura zo zahitanye 237; imibare igaragaza imiterere y’ibyago biterwa n’ibiza byabaye mu buryo busa n’ubwisubiramo mu Rwanda.

Kimwe mu bigaragaza ubwiza bw’u Rwanda, ni ukuba rugizwe n’imisozi n’ibibaya, ariko kandi iki ni kimwe mu birukururira ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’ibiza.

Uturere two mu Burengerazuba no mu Majyaruguru nka Gakenke, Rutsiro, Nyabihu, Ngororero na Rubavu, turi mu tubarizwamo imisozi miremire kurusha utundi, bigatuma tuza imbere mu guhura n’ibiza bikomoka ku mvura nyinshi.

Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ku biza yo mu 2024, yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rufite ahantu hagera kuri 326 hafite ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’ibiza bikomoka ku mpamvu karemano.

Muri aho hantu, byagaragajwe ko by’umwihariko ahagera kuri 134 hafite ibyago biri ku rwego rwo hejuru byo kuba hakwibasirwa n’ibiza.

Ibice by’imisozi ni byo biba bifite ibyo byago cyane aho usanga hakunda kwiganza imvura ku buryo usanga ishobora kugera kuri millimetro 1.800 bigateza isuri n’inkangu kuri iyo misozi.

Gutema amashyamba no gukorera ubuhinzi ku butaka buhanamye budafite amaterasi y’indinganire cyangwa ngo hacukurwe imirwanyasuri, bituma ibintu birushaho kuzamba.

Ubutaka bubuzeho ibiti ntibubasha kwihagararaho ngo bube bwahangana n’ibiza ku buryo iyo imvura iguye itabona aho ihagama ahubwo igahita ikushumura ibyo isanze imusozi byose, amazu imihanda, imirima n’ibindi bikorwaremezo bikangirika.

Inkangu n’imyuzure byabaye muri Gicurasi 2023, byagaragaje ko ibiza bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye.

Mu gihe cy’iminsi ibiri gusa, imvura y’umurindi yaguye yatwaye ubuzima bw’abantu 131, abarenga 51.000 basigara ntaho gukinga umusaya bafite nyuma y’uko hangiritse amazu menshi by’umwihariko mu turere two mu Burengerazuba dusanzwe tugaragazwa nk’udufite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa.

Nubwo inkuba zitaboneshwa amaso, ziri mu biteza ibyago byinshi, cyane ko u Rwanda ruherereye ku butumburuke bwo hejuru uvuye ku nyanja, ibituma kiba igihugu kiri mu biza ku isonga mu kugira ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n’inkuba muri Afurika.

Imiyaga na yo nubwo igira uruhare mu gutuma imvura iboneka, inafite ukuboko mu bishobora guteza ibyago bikomeye, mu gihe inkubi zayo zigeze ku bantu bari bateraniye ahantu ari benshi nko mu mirima, mu nsengero, ibibuga by’umupira n’ahandi abantu bashobora kugwirwa n’ako kaga mu buryo butunguranye.

Amakuru ahari agaragaza ko u Rwanda ruri ku mwanya wa kabiri mu bihugu byibasiwe n’inkuba hagati ya 2016 na 2023.

Mu gihe imyuzure n’imiyaga bikunze kwangiza imitungo yari ifatiye runini abantu, inkuba zo zizwiho guhitana ubuzima bw’abantu kurusha ubw’ibindi bikorwa.

Mu bice by’icyaro usanga abantu badafite uburyo bwo kwirinda inkuba nko kugira imirindankuba, usanga ubuzima bwabo buri mu byago ugereranyije n’abo mu mijyi.

Inzobere zerekana impinduka z’icyerekezo zishingiye ku mvura nk’imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru y’ibiza.

U Rwanda nk’igihugu gikomeje gutera imbere aho usanga hubakwa imiyoboro myinshi y’amashanmyarazi, iminara y’ihuzanzira rya za telefoni na radiyo, amashuri n’ibindi; hakenewe ingamba zihamye zo gukingira ibyo bikorwa n’ababikoresha mu kuba bakwibasirwa n’inkuba.

U Rwanda ntirwicaye ubusa

Leta y’u Rwanda ikomeje gushyira imbaraga mu kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu ngo butibasirwa n’ibiza karemano, aho kugeza ubu hateganywa gufasha imiryango 6.000 igituye mu maregeka ku buryo abantu bafashwa bwangu kwimurwa kuri iyo misozi ihanamye bagatuzwa ahatekanye nk’uko raporo yo mu 2024 ibigaragaza.

Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi na bo barakataje mu kubaka imihanda n’ibiraro bikomeye, gutera ibiti no guca amaterasi y’indinganire mu gukingira imisozi itenguka rya hato na hato.

Mu kurinda abantu kuba bakubitwa n’inkuba, Minisiteri y’Uburezi imaze gushyira imirindankuba ku mashuri menshi yo hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze na bwo ntibwatereye iyo kuko hakomeje gukorwa ibikorwa n’ubukangurambaga byose bigamije gutuma inyubako zo guturamo zigira imirindankuba.

Hari no kwigisha abantu kuguma ahantu hatekanye mu gihe cy’imvura irimo inkuba bakirinda gusohoka hanze, kugama munsi y’ibiti, kujya kureka amazi, gukoresha ibyuma bicomeka ku mashanyarazi mu gihe cy’imvura n’ibindi.

Izi ni imbaraga u Rwanda ruri gukoresha mu igenamigambi ryagutse ry’igihugu muri Gahunda yo Kwihutisha Iterambere (NST2).

Ikigamijwe nyamukuru si uguhangana n’ibiza byamaze kuba, ahubwo ni ugushaka uko byakumirwa hakiri kare ku bufatanye bwa leta n’abaturage.

Nubwo u Rwanda rudashobora guhindura imiterere yarwo cyangwa ngo ruhindure aho ruherereye ku ikarita y’Isi, rushobora guhindura uburyo rukumira rukanahangana n’ibiza karemano.

Ibi birimo kwa kwimurira abaturage ahadashyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga, gutera ibiti, kwigisha abaturage uko bakwirinda no gushyiraho uburyo igihugu kirushaho kwiga uko cyabaho gitekanye hamwe n’ibintu karemano kitashobora guhindura.

Hagendewe ku mibare iheruka, biragaragara cyane ko guhangana n’ibiza atari icyo ukora byamaze kubaho, ahubwo icyo ukora buri munsi kugira ngo witegure mbere y’uko ugerwaho na byo.

Buri gihe inkangu itenguye umusozi cyangwa urwamo rw’inkuba rukumvikana mu kirere, byibutsa u Rwanda ko rugomba guhora rwiteguye kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu kandi icyo ruba rwiyemeje ni uko indi nkangu cyangwa indi nkuba byaza bisanga bisanga rwamaze kwitegura kurushaho.