Imyaka 25 irashize u Rwanda rugendera kuri politiki yo kwegereza ubuyobozi n’ubushobozi abaturage. Iyi Politiki yatangiye kumvikana mu mwaka wa 2000 aho bwa mbere abaturage bagize uruhare mu gutora abayobozi batandukanye mu nzego nshya zari zimaze gushyirwaho.

Uyu munsi, iyi politiki igaragaza impinduka mu nzego zose z’imibereho y’Igihugu, gusa ikiruta byose, ni uko abaturage begerejwe serivisi, bahabwa ijambo mu miyoborere n’iterambere byabo, bishimangira imiyoborere myiza ishingiye ku baturage ubwabo.
Usubije amaso inyuma, mu 1998 mu Rwanda habaye ibiganiro byitiriwe Urugwiro byari bigamije kuganira ku miyoborere y’Igihugu no kugena icyerekezo cy’u Rwanda nyuma y’urugamba rwo kurubohora no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Mu musaruro w’ibi biganiro harimo no kwemeza ko hajyaho politiki yo kwegereza ubuyobozi n’ubushobozi abaturage, yahise ikurikirwa no kuvugurura amategeko, kuvugurura inzego no gushyiraho inzego nshya.
Mu kuvugurura inzego, umubare w’inzego waragabanyijwe izari Perefegitura 12, Superefegitura 22, Komini 154, Segiteri 1 545 na Selire 9 165 byahinduwemo Intara 4 n’Umujyi wa Kigali, Uturere 30, Imirenge 416, Utugari 2 148, Imidugudu 14 837 yo yaje nk’urwego rushya rutari rusanzweho mbere.
Hashyizweho kandi Inama Njyanama na zo zitabagaho mbere; zijyamo abajyanama batowe n’abaturage ngo babahagararire ku Mudugudu, ku Kagari, ku Murenge, ku Karere no ku Mujyi wa Kigali.
Impinduka zabayeho mu nzego zanatumye abakozi, ibikoresho n’ingengo y’imari bihinduka kuko ku rwego rwa Selire hahozeho umukozi umwe, hajyaho abakozi babiri ku Kagari; ubu hatangirwa serivisi 21.
Kuri segiteri hahozeho umukozi umwe, ubu ku Murenge hari abakozi 14, hatangirwa serivisi 78. Kuri Komini hari abakozi nka 25, ubu Akarere gafite abakozi barenga 84 hagatangirwa serivisi zigera ku 125.
Serivisi zimuriwe mu nzego zegereye abaturage, naho izindi zitangirwa ku ikoranabuhanga nk’urubuga Irembo ziboneka vuba kandi bidasabye ko uyisaba agana ku biro.
Umuturage wo mu Karere ka Rwamagana agira ati: “Muri rusange, turishimira ko inzego z’ubuyobozi zegerejwe abaturage, kuva ku Mudugudu kugera ku rwego rw’Umurenge. Ubu ntitukijya kenshi ku biro by’Akarere kuko serivisi nyinshi dukeneye ziboneka ku Murenge cyangwa ku Kagari. Biroroshye cyane kubona serivisi utavuye kure.”
Umusaruro
Mu mwaka wa 2006 hashyizweho politiki yo gukorera ku mihigo mu Nzego z’ibanze nk’ubundi buryo buje gufasha gukorera ku ntego no kwihutisha iterambere ry’abaturage.
Politiki yo kwegereza ubuyobozi n’ubushobozi abaturage yatanze umusaruro no mu mibereho ku buryo amashanyarazi yageze kuri 84% by’abaturage, amazi meza agera kuri 90%, kandi n’ibindi bikorwa remezo byatejwe imbere nk’imihanda, amavuriro, inyubako z’ibanze, ingo mbonezamikurire n’Imidugudu y’Icyitegererezo.
Imibare itangwa n’inzego zinyuranye muri Guverinoma, yerekana ko abana bize amashuri abanza bageze kuri 92.8%; 91% by’abagore bafite imyaka 15-24 bize amashuri abanza nibura; amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro yariyongereye ava kuri 31% mu 2017 agera kuri 43% mu 2022; 70% by’abana bafite ubumuga bariga.
Politiki yanatumye imisoro yinjizwa n’Uturere igenda izamuka umwaka ku wundi, ku buryo nko mu 2006 yanganaga na miliyari 49 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ikaza kugera kuri miliyari 107 mu 2025.
Iryo zamuka kandi ryanagendanaga n’izamuka ry’ingengo y’imari Uturere dukoresha, nko mu 2008 Uturere twakoreshaga ingengo y’imari ingana na miliyari 15 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, igenda izamuka kugera kuri tiliyari 1 na miliyari 215 mu 2025.
Girinka, ni gahunda ya Leta y’u Rwanda yatangijwe mu 2006 igamije kurwanya ubukene no kongera imirire mu miryango itishoboye. Iyi gahunda itanga inka ku miryango ikennye kugira ngo ibone amata yo kunoza imirire, ndetse n’ifumbire yo kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi.
Umwihariko wa Girinka ni uko iyo inka ibyaye, iyo nyana itangwa ku rundi rugo rukennye gutyo gutyo kandi byatumye benshi bava mu bukene.
SACCO ni koperative yo kubitsa no kugurizanya yashyiriweho gufasha abaturage, cyane cyane abo mu byaro, kubona serivisi z’imari hafi yabo. Mu Rwanda, gahunda y’Umurenge SACCO yatangijwe mu 2009.
Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu Habimana Dominique, ubwo yari mu Mwiherero w’Abayobozi b’Inzego z’ibanze wabereye i Gako mu Bugesera, yavuze ko Guverinoma izakomeza gushyigikira Inzego z’ibanze, ashimangira ubufatanye mu nzego zose z’ubuyobozi nk’uko byagenze mu myaka 25 ishize, bigatuma inzego zegerejwe abaturage zigira uruhare mu iterambere ry’Igihugu.
Yagize ati: “Twabonye ibisubizo bifatika mu kugabanya ubukene, buvuye hejuru ya 77% mbere ya Jenoside bukagera kuri 24.7% mu 2024. Ibi byose byagezweho binyuze mu bufatanye, aho Inzego z’ibanze zagize uruhare rukomeye mu kugeza serivisi ku baturage.”
Politiki yo kwegereza ubuyobozi n’ubushobozi abaturage yagiye ivugururwa mu 2012 no mu 2021, ikaba ari urugendo rukomeje nk’uko biri mu Cyerekezo 2050.

Umubare w’abanyeshuri wariyongereye