Diyabete cyangwa indwara y’igisukari ni imwe mu ndwara zitandura yibasira abatari bake ku Isi, aho mu gihe cy’imyaka 34 umubare w’abayirwaye wikubye 4.

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Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS/WHO) ritangaza ko umubare w’abantu barwaye diyabete wiyongereye uva kuri miliyoni 108 mu 1980 ugera kuri miliyoni 422 muri 2014.

Ubwiyongere bwa diyabete buganje cyane mu bihugu bikennye n’ibikiri mu nzira y’iterambere kuruta mu bihugu byateye imbere.

Diyabete ni imwe mu mpamvu zitera ubuhumyi, kunanirwa kw’impyiko, stroke no gucibwa ingingo.

Hagati ya 2000 na 2019, impfu za diyabete zishingiye ku myaka ziyongereyeho 3%.

Mu 2019, diyabete n’indwara ziterwa na diyabete byateye imfu zigera kuri miliyoni 2.

Diyabete ni indwara idakira ibaho iyo impindura idatanga umusemburo wa insuline uhagije, cyangwa iyo umubiri udashoboye gukoresha neza insuline itanga.

8.5% by’abantu bakuru bafite imyaka 18 kuzamura barwaye diyabete mu 2014.

Mu 2019, diyabete ni yo nyirabayazana w’imfu z’abantu miliyoni 1.5 naho 48% by’imfu zose za diyabete zabaye mbere y’imyaka 70.

OMS igaragaza kandi ko izindi mfu 460 000 z’impyiko zatewe na diyabete, kandi isukari nyinshi mu maraso igera kuri 20% by’imfu ziterwa n’indwara z’umutima n’imitsi.

Hagati ya 2000 na 2019, umubare w’abana bapfa bazize diyabete wari usanzwe wiyongereyeho 3%. naho mu bihugu byinjiza amafaranga make, umubare w’imfu ziva kuri diyabete wiyongereyeho 13%.

Abantu baba bafite ibyago byo gupfa bazize bumwe mu bwoko bune bw’indwara zitandura harimo indwara z’umutima n’imitsi, kanseri, indwara z’ubuhumekero zidakira cyangwa diyabete, hagati y’imyaka 30 na 70 yagabanyutseho 22% ku Isi hagati ya 2000 na 2019.

Ibimenyetso bya diyabete

Ibimenyetso bya diyabete harimo inyota ikabije; gukenera kwihagarika kenshi kuruta ibisanzwe; kutabona neza; kumva umunaniro; guta ibilo utabishaka, diyabete ishobora kwangiza imitsi mu mutima, amaso, impyiko.

Abantu benshi barwaye diyabete bafite ibibazo by’amaguru kubera kwangirika kw’imitsi no gutembera neza kw’amaraso. Ibisebe ku maguru bishobora kubaho ndetse bikaba bishobora no kugeza ubwo bisaba gucibwa ukuguru.

Ubwoko bwa diyabete

Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 irangwa n’umusemnuro udahagije wa insuline, ugomba gutangwa buri munsi.

Mu 2017, abantu miliyoni 9 barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1; benshi muri bo baba mu bihugu byateye imbere.

Impamvu ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ntabwo izwi ibyo bikanakoma mu nkokora uburyo bwo kuyirinda.

Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ihindura uburyo umubiri ukoresha isukari (glucose) mu mbaraga. Ihagarika umubiri gukoresha insuline neza, ishobora gutuma isukari iba nyinshi mu maraso iramutse itavuwe.

Idafatiranwe, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ishobora kwangiza bikomeye cyane cyane imitsi n’imiyoboro y’amaraso.

Ibifasha kwirinda diyabete

Kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe, kutagira umubyibuho ukabije, kwirinda kunywa itabi n’ibinyobwa birimo alukolo, kwisuzumisha.

Ubushakashatsi bwa Banki y’isi buvuga ko abarwayi ba diyabete mu Rwanda bikubye kabiri. Mu mwaka wa 2011 Abanyarwanda bari hagati y’imyaka 20 na 79, banganaga na 3.1% bari barwaye diyabete, naho muri 2021 bari 6.5%.

Tariki ya 14 Ugushyingo ni Umunsi wo kurwanya indwara ya Diyabete ku Isi.