Hashize imyaka 27 nyuma y’aho RPF Inkotanyi ibohoreye abanyarwanda ikanahagarika Genocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Abayisilamu bongeye kugira uburenganzira nk’ubw’abandi banyarwanda bose, nta guhezwa mu byiciro byose by’ubuzima bw’igihugu.
Iyo witegereje usanga muri iyi myaka 27, ku ruhande rumwe rw’abantu ku giti cyabo b’abayisilamu (Individuals) barashoboye kwiteza imbere mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima ndetse abandi bafite n’inshingano zitandukanye mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu. Ni ibyo (...)

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Hashize imyaka 27 nyuma y’aho RPF Inkotanyi ibohoreye abanyarwanda ikanahagarika Genocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Abayisilamu bongeye kugira uburenganzira nk’ubw’abandi banyarwanda bose, nta guhezwa mu byiciro byose by’ubuzima bw’igihugu.

Iyo witegereje usanga muri iyi myaka 27, ku ruhande rumwe rw’abantu ku giti cyabo b’abayisilamu (Individuals) barashoboye kwiteza imbere mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima ndetse abandi bafite n’inshingano zitandukanye mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu. Ni ibyo gushimwa.

Gusa iyo witegereje imbaga yagutse y’Abayisilamu (Muslim Community) usanga basa n’abagenda basubira inyuma ndetse muri rusange ufatiye ku ruhare rwabo muri gahunda z’ibikorwa by’iterambere rirambye ubu igihugu cyihaye(NST1) ndetse no mu zayibanjirije (EDPRS 1 na 2) usanga ruri ku rwego rwo hasi cyane., ndetse no mu buryo bw’umwihariko ugereranyije n’uruhare rw’ibikorwa by’imbaga z’abandi banyarwanda b’abakiristu (Christian communities) mu bikorwa bya gahunda y’iterambere rusange ry’igihugu, aho usanga bafite amavuriro, amashuli, amahoteli n’ibindi bikorwa bikomeye.

Imibereho myiza, urugero fatizo mu Biryogo

Biryogo iherereye mu murenge wa Nyarugenge, ni ahantu hatuye Abayisilamu benshi bahatujwe bavanywe mu mujyi hagati ahakikije ahubatse Umusigiti biyubakiye mu 1913, hafi y’isoko rya Nyarugenge, ahari Quartier Matheus, Ecole Belge no muri kariya gace kubatsemo umurenge wa Nyarugenge.

Nk’uko bigaragara mu gitabo “Ibitaramo ku mateka y’u Rwanda” cya Zephrin Kagiraneza, kuvanywa mu mujyi batuzwa mu Biryogo byakozwe n’abategetsi b’abakoloni b’ababirigi bafatanyije n’abamisiyoneri b’abanyagatolika n’Abaporotestanti. Hari hagamijwe guheza Abayisilamu mu buzima bw’igihugu babatuza mu nkambi (Bitaga Camp Swahili) kure y’imijyi, barwanyaga ko abanyarwanda benshi bagana imijyi bahinduka Abayisilamu.

Akaba ari muri uru rwego n’izindi nkambi z’Abayisilamu zashyizweho mu gihugu cyose, uhereye kuri Biryogo, Rwamagana, Rubavu, Rusizi n’ahandi, ibi byaje kuvanwaho mu mwaka wa 1956 n’Inama y’Igihugu iyobowe n’Umwami Mutara II Rudahirwa itegeka bavangwa n’abandi baturage.

Uko Leta zagiye zisimburana mu Rwanda iya 1 n’iya 2, zagiye zifata Abayisilamu nk’abatari abanyarwanda, bimwa uburenganzira bwabo bahenzwa mu buzima bw’igihugu bwose, ibi ni nabyo byatumye bahitamo kwishakira ibisubizo bihangira imirimo y’amaboko (Ubukanishi, gusudira, kubaza, gufuma amashuka, kuboha imikeka,….) ndetse n’ubucuruzi buciriritse, nkuko bigaragaraga mu bushashatsi: Resistance and Protection: Muslim Community Actions During the Rwandan Genocide, bwa Kristin Doughty and David Moussa Ntambara.

Ingaruka z’ubuzima bwo guhezwa igihe kinini zagiye ziba uruhererekane kugeza uyu munsi, aho usanga mu duce twahoze ari inkambi z’abayisilamu (Camp Swahili) usanga hari imibereho idafite umurongo, abantu basa nk’abatagira gikurikirana, aho ubuzima bw’abahatuye bugenda buba bubi kurushaho uko imyaka ishira indi igataha.

Dufatiye urugero fatizo kuri Biryogo, kubera ko ari ishusho y’ibigaragara no mu bindi bice by’igihugu byiganjemo abayisilamu, mu rwego rw’imibereho myiza iyo uhageze usanga harangwa:

- Urubyiruko rwabaswe n’ibiyobyabwenge:

Mu masaha ya nimugoroba, urubyiruko rw’abasore ruba rwibumbiye mu matsinda ruganira nyuma y’akazi. Agatabi mu kiganza cy’iburyo, agatama ibumoso (inzoga zimwe bita icyuma, mukubite na suruduwire), cyangwa se n’agatasi ka The vert mu maguru.

Bamwe muri bo twaganiriye bemera ko bo ubwabo na bagenzi ko bamaze kugera mu kigo ngororamuco cya Iwawa nibura incuro zirenga ebyiri, ahanini bazira gukoresha cyangwa gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, kwiba, kugura no kugurisha ibikoresho by’ibijurano by’amamodoka, urugomo n’ibindi.

Ahanini inyigisho bakura yo babura ubakurikirana bikarangira basubiye uko bari mbere yo kujyayo.

- Ubukene mu miryango:

Ubuzima bw’Abasheshe akanguhe mu Biryogo, bushingiye ahanini no gufashwa n’abahisi n’abagenzi kugira ngo buke kabiri. Abasaza baza ku muhanda, biteze ko hagira uwo baziranye mu myaka ya kera wabanyuraho akabamenya akabasigira agafaranga.

- Imfubyi n’abapfakazi ntibagira gikurikirana,

Mu buzima bwo gushakisha, bamwe mu bana bagata ishuri bakajya mu mirimo yo kwiga ubukanishi bw’imodoka bakiri bato, guhanagura moto, no gusudira n’ubundi bukorikori bakorera mu mihanda.

Uko kuba umwana utaye ishuri abona ibyo akora bimwinjiriza amafaranga (adahagije), bituma mu myaka ibanza yumva ko afite icyo amaze; ariko uko agenda akura yibaza ku buzima abamo bituma abona umwijima imbere; akayoboka ibiyobyabwenge mu rwego rwo kubyiyibagiza.

Bamwe mu bakobwa bacikiriza amashuri kubera kutagira ababitaho, benshi bitabira imirimo idafashije harimo nko gukora mu ma salon de coiffure, kwirirwa mu rugo no mu mihanda ari imburamukoro, bamwe bikabaviramo gucuruzwa mu gihugu cyangwa mu mahanga,abandi bakajya mu buraya, ubigiriyemo ibyago agatwara inda agatangira kwitunga n’urubyaro rwe. Nta yandi mahitamo.

Uko kwirwanaho no gushaka igishoboka cyose cyatuma ubuzima bushoboka ariko mu buryo butarambye, niho haturuka kwitwa amazina mabi no kwitirirwa ibibi ngo ni abaryogo; nyamara barahoze ari abasilimu, maze hakanitirirwa ibituziye byose. Permis z’indyogo, impamyabushobozi z’indyogo, nubwo byaba bikorerwa ahandi byitirirwa Biryogo kuko ari ahantu biyumvisha ko kubera imiterere yaho, utahashakira ikintu ngo ukibure.

Abava Iwawa basubira mu biyobyabwenge

Munyentwari Soudy, ni inararibonye mu buzima bw’abayisilamu, kuko abumazemo imyaka isaga 60.

Avuga ko Biryogo iganwa na benshi bakurikiye ubuzima bworoshye buhaba. Agira ati, “Abantu benshi b’amikoro make bagana Biryogo bashaka ubuzima butagoye, kuko haboneka amazu n’ibiribwa bidahenze. Muri bo hazamo n’abagore babyarana n’abagabo banyuranye, rimwe na rimwe bagata abana. Bamwe muri abo bana nibo bakurira mu Biryogo, ndetse hakanavamo abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge”.

Ikindi Soudy avuga, ngo ni uko abana benshi bajyanwa Iwawa bakagaruka bizeye kwitabwaho bahabwa ibikoresho by’imyuga bize, ariko bagategereza bagaheba. Ati, “Iyo bigenze bityo rero, bongera kwiheba bagasubira mu buzima bahozemo bw’ibiyobyabwenge”.

Ku bijyanye n’abana bata ishuri, Mzee Soudy avuga ko na bo ari bamwe mu bavuka muri iyo miryango iza gutura mu Biryongo, ariko ngo n’Abayisilamu barimo kubera imyumvire ya bamwe mu babyeyi bataramenya akamaro k’ishuri kubera amateka banyuzemo.

Agira ati, “Urumva imyaka irenga 60 abasilamu babayeho batemerewe kwiga, bamwe mu babyeyi ntibazi akamaro k’ishuri. Bakuze birwanaho bakabona amaramuko, bumva ko ari ko bikimeze. Ntibazi ko iyi Leta idaheza, maze babona umwana ataye ishuri agakorera icyo gihumbi bakumva ari ibisanzwe”.

Ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko guca ibiyobyabwenge mu Biryogo bishoboka ariko bisaba ingufu nyinshi, zivuye ku nzego za Leta, abayobozi b’umuryango RMC ndetse na ba nyir’amazu bicururizwamo.

Imbogamizi ni uko kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bivugirwa mu musigiti, nyamara ababinywa n’ababicuruza ntibajya gusenga. Icyakorwa ni ukubegera aho bari, hagashyirwaho imbaraga za Leta, nazo zoshobora kubangamirwa na bamwe mu bafite inyungu muri uko kuzana ibibyabwenge.

Kurwanya ubukene hatangwa ‘Ituro ritegetswe’

Mu kiganiro n’umujyanama wa Mufti w’u Rwanda, Sheikh Mbarushimana Soulayman, avuga gahunda yo gutanga “ZAKAT” izakemura bimwe mu bibazo by’imibereho byugarije abanyantege nke mu bayisilamu.
Avuga ko gukusanya iri turo ritegetswe (Zakat) bizafasha RMC gufasha abatishoboye bari mu zabukuru, imfubyi n’abapfakazi, abana bataye ishuri ndetse n’abakobwa babyara batarashaka.

Sheikh Soulayman ati, “Kuva muri uyu mwaka wa 2021, hari gahunda yo kurwanya ubukene hifashishijwe abasilamu. Basanzwe babizi ko gutanga Zakat ari itegeko, itandukanye n’ituro risanzwe bita Sadaka. Abasilamu nibaryitabira rero rizadufasha gukemura ibibazo byose byugarije imibereho y’Abasilamu”.

Ituro ritegetswe ‘Zakat’, ni imwe mu nkingi eshanu Islam yubakiyeho, nyamara ngo bamwe ntibayubahiriza.

Biteganywa ko buri mwemera atanga umugabane wa 2,5% by’umutungo amaranye umwaka. (Ndlr: Ni nk’icyacumi gisabwa abakirisitu).

Sheikh Soulayman avuga ko bamaze kugena igipimo fatizo cy’umutungo utangwaho Zakat, bemeza ibihumbi 536 by’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Umusilamu wese umarana aya amafaranga umwaka, azajya ayatangaho ituro ringana na 2,5%; naho utayagezaho aritange ku bushake.
Mu buryo bworoheje, bazajya batanga 1/40 cy’umutungo bamaranye umwaka.

Umwe mu bavuka mu Biryogo we agaragaza ko hari icyuho gikomeye cy’abafatanyabikorwa nk’imiryango ishingiye ku myemerere (FBOs) n’imiryango nyarwanda itari iya Leta (NGOs) bunganira Leta muri gahunda z’imibereho myiza nk’uko bikorwa ahandi.

Agira ati, “Usanga imiryango myinshi mu bikorwa nk’ibyo byo kwita ku batishoboye, abanyantege nke, ibiyobyabwenge mu rubyiruko, guta amashuri n’ibindi”.

Akomeza avuga ko bene iyo miryango abayisilamu ntayo babona, banibaza niba yaba inariho, cyane ko ngo indi miryango itari iy’abayisilamu ibona ko nta nyungu ifite mu kuza kuhakorera cyangwa bitanayorohera kubera imiterere yaho n’imyemerere y’abahatuye.

Mu bushishozi bwe, ngo asanga gusengesha mu musigiti bidahagije, abayobozi bakanarebye ibijyanye n’iterambere ry’imibereho y’abayisilamu.

Asaba ubuyobozi bw’igihugu gushishikariza abayisilamu gushinga imiryango yabwunganira mu kwita kuri gahunda z’iterambere ry’imibereho myiza y’abayisilamu.