Imikino y’igikombe cy’isi mu mupira w’amaguru, ni amarushanwa y’umupira w’amaguru amaze imyaka 88, ahuza ibihugu bigize ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru ku isi FIFA aho y’imikino y’amajonjora aba yarahuje ibihugu byose biri muri FIFA ,ibihugu 32 byabashije kubona itike bishyirwa mu matsinda 8 ya nyuma bigahurira mu gihugu cyatsindiye kwakira imikino ya nyuma buri nyuma y’imyaka 4,hakavamo igihugu kicyegukana.

Guhera ku wa 14 Kamena kugera ku wa 15 Nyakanga 2018,isi yose izaba ihanze amaso imikino y’igikombe cy’isi izabera mu Burusiya ku nshuro ya 21 aho ibihugu 32 bivuye ku migabane y’isi bizesurana kakahava.

Imvo n’imvano y’igikombe cy’isi

Imikino y’igikombe cy’isi cy’umupira w’amaguru ikomoka ku mukino wa mbere mpuzamahanga wahuje Scotland n’u Bwongereza i Glasgow mu mwaka w’1872, uza kurangira ari ubusa ku busa (0-0) byatumye ibindi bihugu byifuza guhatana .

Iki nicyo gikombe cy’isi cyiswe Trophée Jules Rimet cyatanzwe kuva 1930-1970

Umupira w’amaguru wakomeje gukundwa na benshi mu batuye isi, biba akarusho mu kinyejana cya 20 bituma ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bitangira kujya bikina imikino mpuzamahanga nk’igikorwa cyo kwiyerekana no gukorera ishema nta bihembo bitegereje.Mu mwaka wa 1900 no mu wa 1904, iyi mikino yakinwaga mu mikino olempike (Olympic Games).

Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru ku isi FIFA ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1904, rihita rifata ingamba zo kujya ritegura iyi mikino bitabaye ngombwa ko ibera mu mikino ya Olempike, maze mu mwaka wa 1906 mu Busuwisi habera imikino mpuzamahanga.

Iyi mikino yakinwe muri iyi myaka ntiyafatwaga nk’imikino y’igikombe cy’isi kuko hari hataraboneka uburyo bunonosoye bwo kuyitegura.

U Bwongereza ni cyo gihugu cya mbere cyakoze amateka yo kwegukana ibihembo bya mbere mu mupira w’amaguru, aho ikipe yabo y’abatarabigize umwuga yegukanye umudari wa zahabu mu mikino Olempike yabereye i London mu mwaka wa 1908.

Mu mwaka wa 1914, FIFA yemeje ko imikino ya Olympic mu mupira w’amaguru igiye gufatwa nk’amarushanwa mpuzamahanga y’umupira w’amaguru mu makipe y’abatarabigize umwuga,yiyemeza kujya itegura iyi mikino,byatumye haba imikino ya mbere mpuzamigabane y’umupira w’amaguru yabaye mu mikino Olempike mu mwaka w’1920.

Ubudage nibwo buheruka gutwara igikombe cy’isi

Bitewe n’uko amarushanwa y’umupira w’amaguru yakinirwaga mu mikino Olempike yari amaze gutera imbere,uwayoboraga FIFA Jules Rimet yatangiye gushaka uko batangiza imikino y’umupira w’amaguru ku isi ariko idakinirwa muri iyi mikino Olympic, maze tariki ya 28 Gicurasi 1928, mu mujyi wa Amsterdam hateranira inama yemeje ko FIFA igomba gutegura imikino yayo yihariye.

Ku wa 28 Gicurasi 1928, nibwo Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru ku Isi (FIFA) ryari riyobowe n’umufaransa Jules Rimet ryemeje ko muri Uruguay habera imikino yo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 100 iki gihugu gisubiranye ubwigenge ndetse hatumirwa ibihugu byose byari abanyamuryango ba FIFA,haboneka 13 byakinnye igikombe cy’isi cya mbere cyitwaga Trophee Jules Rimet.

Muri ibi bihugu 13 byitabiriye igikombe cy’isi cya mbere mu mwaka wa 1930, aho ibihugu 7 byavaga muri Amerika y’epfo, 4 biva I Burayi naho 2 biva muri Amerika ya ruguru.Binshi mu bihugu by’i Burayi byatinye kujya muri Uruguay kubera uburebure bw’urugendo rwo mu bwato rwagombaga kumara ibyumweru bibiri mu nyanja ngari.

Igikombe cyatanzwe muri iyi mikino cyakozwe n’Umufaransa Abel Lafleur,gifite ishusho y’ikigirwamana cy’Abagereki cy’intsinzi cyitwa Niké.

Iki gikombe cyiswe, Trophée Jules Rimet cyari gifite uburebure bwa cm 35 gipima ibiro bisaga 6 ndetse cyakomeje gutangwa kugeza mu gikombe cy’isi cyo mu mwaka wa 1970.

Umukino wafunguye iki gikombe cy’isi cya mbere, wahuje u Bufaransa na Mexique Ku wa 13 Nyakanga 1930, Abafaransa batsinda ibitego 4-1,aho Umufaransa Lucien Laurent yanditse amateka yo gutsinda igitego cya mbere mu mateka y’igikombe cy’isi.

Igihugu cya Uruguay nicyo cyatwaye igikombe cy’isi cya mbere, gitsinze Argentina ibitego 4-2mu mukino warebwe n’abantu ibihumbi 70.

Brazil niyo imaze gutwara ibikombe by’isi byinshi (5)

Ubutaliyani nibwo bwakiriye igikombe cya kabiri ku ngoma ya Benito Mussolini, bituma abona umwanya wo gucengeza mu bambari be amatwara ya Fascisme kuko ibitangazamakuru bigera kuri 249 byari mu Butariyani kureba iyi mikino, mu gihe radiyo 13 zacishagaho imipira.

Ubutaliyani nibwo bwatwaye igikombe cy’isi cyo mu mwaka wa 1934 butsinze Tchécoslovaquie ibitego 2-1,mu mukino bivugwa ko Mussolini yinjiye mu rwambariro guha amabwiriza abakinnyi.

Nyuma y’igikombe cy’isi cyo mu mwaka wa 1938 cyisubijwe n’ubutaliyani butsinze Hongria ibitego 4-2,iyi mikino yarasubitswe kubera intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose igaruka mu mwaka wa 1950.

Mu mwaka wa 1970, igihugu cya Brazil kimaze gutsindira iki gikombe bwa 3, cyaragihawe burundu, ariko mu mwaka w’1983, abajura baracyibye aho cyari kibitse kugeza na n’ubu kikaba ntikiraboneka.

Nyuma y’umwaka wa 1970, hakozwe ishusho nshya y’igikombe cy’isi, yavumbuwe nyuma y’irushanwa ryahuje abahanga mu gushushanya baturutse mu bihugu 53 bitandukanye byo ku isi rigatwarwa n’umutaliyani witwa Silvio Gazzaniga.

Iki gikome gishyagitangwa muri iyi myaka kireshya na santimetero 36 (36 Cm) z’uburebure, kikaba gikozwe na 75% bya zahabu, kikaba gipima ibiro 6 n’amagarama 175.

Ahagana hasi kuri iki gikombe, ni ho handikwa umwaka iki gikombe kiba cyakiniwemo n’igihugu kiba cyacyegukanye kuva mu mwaka w’1974.

Ikipe yatsindiye iki gikombe ikigumana kugeza igihe indi mikino izongera kuba ikagisubiza, igahabwa ikimenyetso cy’uko yatsindiye iki gihembo kiri ku kabati gakoze muri zahabu.

Kuva iki gikombe cy’isi cyatangira kimaze kwegukanwa n’ibihugu 8 gusa byo ku mugabane w’I Burayi n’Amerika y’Amajyepfo, birimo Brazil igifite 5,Ubudage n’Ubutaliyani bagifite 4,Argentine na Uruguay bigifite 2 mu gihe Espagne,Ubwongereza n’Ubufaransa bigifite rimwe.

Uko ibihugu byagiye bisimburana mu gutwara igikombe cy’isi :
1930-Uruguay
1934-Ubutaliyani
1938-Ubutaliyani
1950-Brazil
1954-Ubudage
1958-Brazil
1962-Brazil
1966-Ubwongereza
1970-Brazil
1974-Ubudage
1978-Argentina
1982-Ubutaliyani
1986-Argentina
1990-Ubudage
1994-Brazil
1998-France
2002-Brazil
2006-Ubutaliyani
2010-Espagne
2014-Ubudage
2018-?

UMURYANGO wiyemeje kukugezaho byinshi mu byaranze igikombe cy’isi ndetse n’ibigwi by’amakipe azitabira igikombe cy’isi cy’uyu mwaka.