Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo muri NHS Blood and Transplant rifatanyije n’abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Bristol yo mu Bwongereza ryavumbuye ubwoko bushya bw’amaraso bwiswe MAL, bukaba ari ubwa 47 bubonetse ku Isi.

Abashakashatsi bavuze ko ubu bwoko bushya bukuyeho urujijo rwari rumaze imyaka 50 kuri ‘antigen’ y’amaraso izwi nka AnWj, yavumbuwe mu 1972 ariko ubwoko bw’amaraso ikomokaho bukaba butari buzwi.

Antigen ni proteine ziba mu mubiri ziwufasha gukora abasirikare bawurinda virusi zitandukanye zishobora kuwinjiramo.

AnWj ni antigen iboneka mu nsoro zitukura, ikaba ifitwe n’abarenga 99,9% ku Isi. Abantu bake cyane badafite AnWj (AnWj-negative) bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe bahawe amaraso arimo AnWj, kuko bishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kuba umubiri utakwihanganira amaraso watewe.

Ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekanye ko AnWj ituruka ku bwoko bw’amaraso bwa MAL. Iyo habayeho kubura ibice bya DNA muri ubu bwoko bw’amaraso, umuntu ashobora kuba adafite ‘AnWj’ bivuze ko uturemangingo twe tw’amaraso tuba tudafite antigen ya AnWj.

Ubwoko bw’Amaraso buzwi cyane ni A, B, O, AB, ubu bwoko bwose bushobora guhuzwa n’ubundi bukarokora ubuzima bw’umuntu. Iyo umuntu udafite antigen ya AnWj ahawe amaraso irimo ashobora kugira ikibazo umubiri ntubashe kwihanganira amaraso watewe.

Umushakashatsi mukuru muri IBGRL Red Cell Reference, Louise Tilley, yagize ati “Inkomoko y’ubwoko bw’amaraso ya AnWj yari yarabaye amayobera mu myaka irenga 50 ishize. Kuba twashoboye kuyimenya ni intsinzi ikomeye, kandi bizadufasha cyane kwita ku barwayi.’’

Umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Bristol, Prof. Ash Toye, yagize ati “Ni ibintu bishimishije kuba twashoboye gukoresha ubushobozi bwacu kugira ngo tumenye neza ubwoko bw’amaraso ya AnWj. Ibi bizafasha kumenya abatanga amaraso cyane no gufasha abarwayi mu gihe kiri imbere.”