Raila Odinga, wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Kenya, yapfuye afite imyaka 80 aguye mu Buhinde aho yari yaragiye kwivuriza. Bivugwa ko yazize uguhagarara k’umutima ubwo yari ari kugenda mu masaha y’igitondo muri icyo kigo.

Iyo umuntu ari gukora siporo cyangwa indi mirimo y’ingufu umutima ugahagarara, iyo adatabawe bimuviramo urupfu, akenshi byitwa guhagarara k’umutima, ukumva ko bishobora kuba ari indwara imwe nyamara ziri mu moko atatu ndetse ziterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye.

Ibi bikunze kuba ku bantu batandukanye cyane cyane ku bakinnyi b’umupira, urugero rwa hafi ni Rutahizamu w’Umunya-Argentine Sergio Kun Agüero wakiniraga Barcelona wasezeye ruhago kubera icyo kibazo, n’abandi barimo Christian Eriksen wakiniraga Ikipe y’Igihugu ya Denmark; ubu ari muri Manchester United.

Vuba aha cyane, Bronny James, umuhungu w’imfura y’icyamamare muri NBA, LeBron James, ku wa 24 Nyakanga 2023, yagize ikibazo cy’uburwayi bw’umutima ubwo yari mu myitozo y’ikipe ye ya University of Southern California gusa yihutanwa kwa muganga butarakomera.

Indwara z’umutima ni kimwe mu bibazo bihangayikishije Isi kuko Umuryango wita ku ndwara z’Umutima, World Heart Federation, ugaragaza ko impfu ziva kuri izi ndwara ziyongereye ku kigero cya 60% mu myaka 30 ishize, aho zavuye kuri miliyoni zirenga 12 mu 1990 zigera kuri miliyoni 20,5 mu 2021.

No mu Rwanda iri mu zihangayikishije cyane kuko mu 2020 Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yatangaje ko abavurwa indwara zifitanye isano n’umutima n’imitemberere y’amaraso (cardiovascular diseases) zikubye gatatu.

Yagaragaje ko umubare w’abavurwa indwara z’umutima yavuye kuri 25.353 mu 2018 zigera ku 88.486.

Mu mpera za 2022, Inzobere mu Buvuzi bw’Indwara z’Umutima, Prof Mucumbitsi Paul, yagaragaje ko kuvura izo ndwara mu Rwanda bikiri ingorabahizi aho ubu habarurwa ibihumbi 15 bategereje kubagwa mu gihe abaganga b’inzobere mu kubaga uru rugingo batageze kuri batanu.

Nubwo bimeze gutyo ariko izo ndwara si zimwe, ndetse n’ibizitera biratandukanye. Zimwe zishobora kumara igihe kirekire nyirazo azifite cyangwa zikaza umunsi umwe zitunguranye umuntu atari azisanganywe zikaba zamwica, ari na zo ziri mu moko atatu.

Harimo indwara izwi nka ‘cardiac arrest’ mu ndimi z’amahanga, aho igice gishinzwe gutanga amabwiriza mu isunikwa ry’amaraso, kiba kitakoze neza hanyuma ako kanya umutima ukarekeraho gutera nk’uko bisanzwe.

Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera urupfu rw’ako kanya mu gihe nta gikozwe, gusa iki kibazo gishobora no gukemurwa mu gihe haba hakozwe vuba uburyo bw’ubutabazi buzwi nka ‘Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation: CPR).

Ni uburyo umuntu afata umurwayi akamukanda mu gituza mu buryo bwabugenewe buteganywa n’abaganga, bikajyana no kumuha umwuka, umunwa ku wundi cyane ko uku guhagarara gutera k’umutima bijyana no kubura umwuka.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso umuntu ahita agaragaza birimo kubura ubwenge, kubabara mu gituza, gutera k’umutima mu buryo budasanzwe n’ibindi bimenyetso biza ako kanya bitunguranye.

Iyi ndwara ishobora guhitana abagera kuri miliyoni esheshatu ku mwaka.
Itandukanye n’indi izwi nka ‘heart attack’ iterwa n’uko amaraso aba atagera mu bice by’umubiri neza bitewe n’ikintu runaka kiba cyitambitse mu mitsi kigatuma adatambuka ngo agere mu mutima.

Bishobora guterwa kandi n’uko umutsi wacitse amaraso ntagere mu mutima neza, ibizwi mu mvugo ya kiganga mu ndimi z’amahanga nka ‘myocardial infarction’.
Bishobora kandi guterwa no kuvura (plaque) gushobora kuremwa no kwihuza kwa ‘cholesterol’, ibinure, ikinyabutabire cya calcium ndetse n’ibindi binyabutabire byo mu maraso, bikarema igisa n’ikibuye amaraso akaguma hamwe.

Bituma amaraso ageze aho kiri yiteka agatangira gufatana bigatuma andi abura aho anyura umutima ugahagarara gukora kuko uba wabuze oxygène, ibishyira ku rupfu mu gihe nta cyakozwe.

Dr. Nieca Goldberg wo mu Ishuri ry’Ubuzima rya Kaminuza ya New York, yigeze kubwira CNN ko abantu baba bafite ibyago byo kugira icyo kibazo barimo abakomoka mu miryango ikomokamo uwigeze kukigira no kugira urugero rwa ‘cholesterol’ ruri hejuru.

Abo ngo biyongera ku bantu bagira umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru, abanywa itabi, abadakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ndetse n’abarwayi ba diabètes.

Ibindi bishobora gutera iki kibazo birimo kugabanuka kw’ingano y’imitsi biterwa no kunywa itabi cyangwa ibindi biyobyabwenge nka cocaine n’ibijyana nayo bigatuma na none amaraso adatambuka neza, cya kibazo kikagaragara.

Aho itandukanira na ‘cardiac arrest’, ‘heart attack’ ibimenyetso byayo biza buke buke ndetse ntihita itera urupfu ako kanya, ibifasha abaganga kuba batanga ubutabazi bakarengera uwagize ikibazo.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso mpuruza byayo birimo kubabara mu gituza no kumva utameze neza mu bice by’umubiri bya ruguru, kubabara mu maboko, umugongo, mu irugu, mu gifu no mu nzasaya, byose bigashyira ku kubura umwuka.

Iyi ndwara ikunze gufata bantu b’ingeri zitandukanye mu Isi, aho ku mwaka ihitana ababarirwa mu 382.820.

Izo zose zitandukanye n’indi ndwara ifata umutima mu buryo butunguranye izwi nka ‘heart failure’ aho umutima uba utagishobora gutera amaraso ngo uyageze mu mijyana ari na yo ifasha mu kuyasakaza mu bindi bice by’umubiri.

Ibi bitera ibibazo twakwita nk’umuvundo w’amaraso (a blood traffic jam) aho amaraso meza yasukuwe akagaruka mu mutima aba atashobora kujya mu bice by’umubiri kuko umutima udashobora kuyasunika, agahura na ya yandi aba avuye mu mubiri aje gusukurwa.

Ibi bituma ibice bitandukanye by’umubiri bibyimba nk’amaguru ndetse no mu tugombambari no mu bindi bice by’umubiri.

Iyi ndwara kandi ituma impyiko zidakora neza kuko ibice ziherereyemo biba byabyimbye bigateza ikibazo bituma amazi n’ikinyabutabire cya sodium atageramo neza.

Ibyo bibazo kandi bishobora gutera ibihaha kubyimba na byo bikaba byatera ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Nko ku zindi ndwara z’umutima, ‘heart failure’ ishobora guterwa n’umuvuduko w’amaraso, diabètes n’umubyibuho ukabije.

Kugeza ubu, biravugwa ko iyi ndwara ari yo yahitanye Raila Odinga waguye mu bitaro by’amaso byitwa Ayurvedic eye hospital-cum-research centre biherereye ahitwa Koothattukulam mu karere ka Ernakulam.

Urupfu rwe rwabaye mu masaha ya Saa tatu z’igitondo kuri uyu wa Gatatu ku isaha yo mu Buhinde. Yari amaze iminsi itanu yivuriza mu kigo yaguyemo. Yari yaraherekejwe n’umukobwa we n’umuganga we bwite.

Indwara yo guhagarara k’umutima iri mu zihangayikishije Isi