Mu gihe hakomeje ibiganiro bya politiki hagati ya Guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) n’ihuriro AFC/M23, hakomeje no kwibazwa niba iri huriro ryashobora umunsi umwe kugana ku mugambi wo gushinga ubutegetsi bwigenga mu bice rigenzura muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo.

Nubwo abayobozi ba AFC/M23 bakunze kuvuga ko baharanira impinduka mu miyoborere ya RDC aho gusaba ubwigenge, impuguke mu mategeko mpuzamahanga zigaragaza ko kugira ngo agace kabashe kwitwa igihugu cyigenga bisaba ibisabwa byinshi birenze kugenzura ubutaka gusa.

Ibyo AFC/M23 isa n’iyamaze kugeraho

1. Kugenzura igice cy’ubutaka

Kimwe mu bisabwa bya mbere ni ukuba hari ubutaka bugenzurwa mu buryo buhoraho. AFC/M23 igenzura ibice byinshi byo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo, harimo imijyi ikomeye n’imipaka imwe n’u Rwanda, ibintu biyifasha gukoresha ubutegetsi bwayo muri ibyo bice.

2. Kuba ifite abaturage bayoborwa

Mu duce igenzura habarizwa abaturage babarirwa muri za miliyoni, kandi AFC/M23 yashyizeho inzego z’ubuyobozi, abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze ndetse inagenzura ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bya buri munsi. Reuters iherutse gutangaza ko iri huriro ryatangiye no gushyiraho gahunda z’ubuzima n’izindi serivisi nk’uburyo bwo kwerekana ubushobozi bwo kuyobora.

3. Inzego z’ubuyobozi

Raporo za Loni zigaragaza ko AFC/M23 yashyizeho inzego zisa n’iza leta zirimo iz’umutekano, iz’imisoro, iz’ubutabera ndetse n’izigenzura imipaka mu bice igenzura.

Ibyo AFC/M23 yaba ikibura

1. Kwemerwa n’amahanga

Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye kurusha ibindi. Kugira ngo igihugu gikorane n’ibindi bihugu, kiba kigomba kumenywa n’ibindi bihugu ndetse kikemerwa mu miryango mpuzamahanga.

Kugeza ubu nta gihugu na kimwe cyigeze cyemera ibice bigenzurwa na AFC/M23 nk’igihugu cyigenga. Ahubwo Loni, Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe n’abafatanyabikorwa benshi bakomeje gushimangira ko ubusugire bwa RDC bugomba kubahirizwa.

2. Itegeko nshinga n’inzego za leta zuzuye

Nubwo hari inzego zashyizweho, igihugu cyigenga gisaba kugira itegeko nshinga, inzego zose z’ubutegetsi zikora mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, amatora cyangwa ubundi buryo bwemewe bwo gutanga ububasha, ndetse n’ubutabera bwigenga.

AFC/M23 ntiratangaza gahunda yuzuye y’ishingiro rya leta yigenga cyangwa inzego zayo zose.

3. Ubukungu bwigenga

Igihugu gisaba kuba gifite uburyo burambye bwo kwinjiza amafaranga, gucunga ifaranga, amabanki, ingengo y’imari n’imisoro.

Nubwo raporo za Loni zigaragaza ko AFC/M23 ikusanya imisoro kandi igenzura imipaka imwe n’imwe, ntiragira ubukungu bwigenga bwuzuye cyangwa banki nkuru y’igihugu.

4. Umubano n’ibindi bihugu

Kuba igihugu cyigenga bisaba ubushobozi bwo kugirana amasezerano n’ibindi bihugu, gufungura ambasade no kwitabira imiryango mpuzamahanga.

AFC/M23 kugeza ubu ikomeje kuba umutwe witabira ibiganiro bya politiki aho kuba leta yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Ese amategeko mpuzamahanga abivugaho iki?

Amasezerano azwi nka Montevideo Convention agaragaza ko igihugu kigomba kugira ibintu bine by’ibanze: abaturage bahoraho, ubutaka busobanutse, ubutegetsi bukora neza ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kugirana umubano n’ibindi bihugu.

Nubwo AFC/M23 ishobora kuba yujuje bimwe muri ibyo bisabwa mu duce igenzura, ikibazo gikomeye gikomeje kuba ukutemerwa n’amahanga no kuba umuryango mpuzamahanga ukomeza kwemera ko ibyo bice biri mu busugire bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.