Afurika y’Epfo yatangaje ko igiye kuvana ingabo zayo mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, MONUSCO, hatangwa impamvu yo kwegeranya imbaraga z’igisirikare cyayo.

Hari abongeraho ikibazo cy’amikoro, kutabona umusaruro w’ibikorwa byabo bimaze igihe kirekire, no gushaka gushyira ingufu nyinshi muri gahunda z’imbere mu gihugu.

Izi mpamvu zifite ishingiro ku rugero ruto ndetse zikaba nk’agakingirizo ku mpamvu za politiki n’ubukungu zatumye ingabo za Afurika y’Epfo zimara imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Ingabo za MONUSCO zigiye kumara imyaka 30 muri RDC. Afurika y’Epfo igihe cyose yahoze ifitemo abasirikare babarirwa hagati ya 700 na 800 biganjemo abo muri Force Intervention Brigade.

Kohereza ingabo muri RDC byashyigikiwe cyane n’abayobozi mu nzego za politiki n’abacuruzi bakomeye bashakaga kugera ku mabuye y’agaciro yaho.

Ibikorwa byo kuvana ingabo za Afurika y’Epfo muri RDC biteganyijwe kuva mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2026 kugeza mu Ukuboza 2026. Iki cyemezo cyatangajwe ku wa 8 Gashyantare, hari abasanga gishingiye ku kuba ibikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko bitagishobotse.

Kugarura amahoro muri RDC, icyanzu kijya ku mabuye y’agaciro

Kuva mu 1990 Afurika y’Epfo yatangaje ko ibikorwa byayo bya gisirikare bigamije kugarura amahoro muri Afurika no mu bindi bihugu by’amahanga, ariko usuzumye aho yohereza ingabo ikaba indi nkuru yo kubara.

Ingabo za Afurika y’Epfo muri RDC zoherejwe mu bice bikize ku mabuye y’agaciro by’umwihariko muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo no muri Ituri ahacukurwa zahabu, coltan, gasegereti, na cuivre.

Icukumbura ryagaragaje ko abantu bo mu ngabo za Afurika y’Epfo bafasha mu bikorwa by’ucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bwa magendu bitwaje ibikorwa byo kugarura amahoro.

Benshi muri bo bashinjwa gucuruza zahabu na coltan mu buryo bunyuranye n’amategeko, gukoresha ibibuga by’indege bigenzurwa n’abasirikare muri ibyo bikorwa by’ubucuruzi, no gukoresha Abanyafurika y’Epfo baba mu karere nk’ibiraro by’ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.

Afurika y’Epfo igira abasirikare benshi muri Force Intervention Brigade ya MONUSCO, iba ifite ububasha bwo gutera no kwirwanaho mbere y’uko umwanzi atera, bitandukanye n’uko ingabo za Loni zisabwa kudakoresha intwaro keretse igihe zihawe ayo mabwiriza.

SAMIDRC yageze muri RDC ishaka ibirombe bya Rubaya

Mu 2023 Afurika y’Epfo yongeye kohereza ingabo muri RDC na bwo zerekeza muri Rubaya mu gace karimo ibirombe binini cyane bicukurwamo coltan nyinshi ku Isi.

Ingabo za SAMIDRC zari zitiriwe kugarura amahoro mu karere RDC ibarizwamo ariko Afurika y’Epfo ikimara gushyira ingabo hafi ya Rubaya ntibyari bigishoboka gutandukanya ibikorwa by’umutekano n’inyungu z’amabuye y’agaciro iharanira.

Inteko ishinga amategeko ya Afurika y’Epfo yashinje Perezida Ramaphosa kohereza abana b’igihugu kujya gupfira mu ntambara agamije gusarura amabuye y’agaciro muri RDC.

Ingabo za Afurika y’Epfo zari zarahawe ubutumwa bwo kwirukana abarwanyi ba AFC/M23 mu bice byose yafashe muri Sake, kugira ngo bashobore kugenzura ibirombe bya Rubaya.

Umutangamakuru wo muri Afurika y’Epfo yavuze ko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abacukuzi ryo muri iki gihugu ryashakaga uburyo rizagera kuri ibi birombe, risaba Ingabo zabo ziri muri RDC kugaba ibitero byahitanye n’ubuzima bw’abasivili, intego ari ukugira ngo bagenzure ako gace.

Amakuru kandi agaragaza neza ko Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo Cyril Ramaphosa abifitemo inyungu za hafi kuko intumwa ye yihariye mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, Jeff Radebe, ari umugabo wa Brigitte Motsepe, ari na we uyobora ishyirahamwe ry’abacukuzi b’amabuye y’agaciro muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Brigitte Motsepe ni umuvandimwe wa Madamu wa Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa. Umukire wamamaye cyane, Patrice Motsepe, akaba na muramu wa Radebe yungukira mu buryo buziguye mu bice Ingabo za Afurika y’Epfo zirimo mu bijyanye n’amabuye y’agaciro.

Urugamba Ramaphosa yarwanye ahana na M23 rwaharaniraga inyungu ebyiri, ari zo gushimisha Perezida Tshisekedi no gushakira abo mu muryango we inyungu zijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Gusa iyi gahunda ye yakubise igihwereye kuko ingabo za SAMIDRC zatsinzwe burundu na AFC/M23 muri Mutarama 2025, bituma ingabo zayo zose zisubira mu gihugu cyabo zinyuze mu Rwanda.

Amabuye y’agaciro Tshisekedi yemereye Amerika, umuti usharira kuri Afurika y’Epfo

Kuva mu Ukuboza 2025, ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri RDC byahinduye isura, nyuma yo gutangaza ku mugaragaro ko ibihugu byombi byinjiye mu bufatanye buzatuma ibigo by’Abanyamerika bihabwa rugari mu bucukuzi n’ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ataboneka mu bice byinshi by’Isi.

Aya masezerano yabaye urucantegege kuri Afurika y’Epfo, anafunga akadirishya kose yanyuramo ikomeza kungukira mu mabuye yaho. Kwinjizamo ishoramari rya Amerika bivuga ko ibyuho by’ubutegetsi bujegajega bitagishoboka kubinyuramo, kandi ingabo zihari zigakora mu buryo bushyigikiye politiki y’inganda za Amerika.

Bigaragaza ko uwahaguma ashaka gukomeza kubona amabuye y’agaciro n’utuvungukira ashobora kutatubona, kandi akishyira mu bibazo bya politiki.

Ibibazo by’amikoro, abakomereka na politiki

Kuba iki gihugu kitabona aho kizongera kumenera ngo gitware umutungo kamere wa Congo byonyine ntibyaba impamvu yo guhita gikurayo ingabo, ahubwo hari n’ikibazo cyo guhabwa ingengo y’imari nke, bituma bagira ibikoresho bike, n’ibindi nkenerwa bituma badashobora kumara igihe kirekire mu butumwa bwo hanze y’igihugu.

Muri Mutarama 2025, AFC/M23 yishe abasirikare ba Afurika y’Epfo 14, na byo bica igikuba ku buryo rubanda n’abadepite bahise botsa igitutu Leta ngo icyure abasirikare bayo.

Ubirebeye mu ishusho yok u rwego mpuzamahanga, MONUSCO isa n’igana mu marembera. Ingengo y’imari ya Loni igabanyuka buri munsi, imyenda n’igitekerezo cyo kugabanya umubare w’abakora ubutumwa bwo kugarura amahoro mu bice bitandukanye by’Isi, byatumye kajugujugu zihagarikwa, ibikorwa byo gucunga umutekano biragabanyuka, n’ibiro bimwe na bimwe birafungwa.

Ibikorwa bya Force Intervention Brigade byo byagaragaye ko nta ngufu bifite kuko yananiwe kurenza umutaru AFC/M23.

Ku rundi ruhande Ramaphosa no mu gihugu cye umwuka wa politiki si mwiza kuko ishyaka rye ryatakaje imbaraga kugeza ubwo yiyambaje andi mashyaka ngo ashobore kuguma ku butegetsi. Aya mashyaka yose ntabwo yemeranya ku ngingo yo kohereza abasirikare mu bihugu by’amahanga.

Amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi yo yanenze bikomeye ibikorwa byo kohereza ingabo mu bihugu byo hanze mu gihe igihugu ubwacyo cyugarijwe n’ibyaha, ubushomeri no kutagira ibikorwaremezo.

Ibibazo by’imibanire mibi n’amahanga by’umwihariko na Amerika bituma iki gihugu kidashobora kungukira mu bijyanye no kubungabunga amahoro. Ibibazo mu byerekeye ubucuruzi, igabanyuka ry’inkunga n’ubushyamirane ku ngingo mpuzamahanga byose bigabanya icyizere igihugu kigirirwa ku ruhando mpuzamahanga mu byerekeye ibikorwa bya gisirikare

Kuba Afurika y’Epfo yarakuye ingabo muri RDC ntibivuze ko irangije ibikorwa byayo, ahubwo ni igice kimwe kijyanye n’uko mu gihe ingabo ziri muri iki gihugu zakoraga zitirirwa kurinda umutekano bikajyanishwa n’inyungu z’ubukungu, ariko ikiguzi cyabyo kikaba cyarabaye kinini ugereranyije n’inyungu zivamo.

Abasirikare ba Afurika y’Epfo bagiye boherezwa mu bice bikize ku mabuye y’agaciro