Urutonde rw’ibihugu Abanyarwanda bemerewe kujyamo batabanje gusaba Visa kuri ubu rwiyongereyeho Botswana; igihugu kiri muri Afurika y’Amajyepfo, ushobora gusura kubera impamvu zitandukanye zirimo ubukerarugendo, ubucuruzi n’ibindi.

Icyemezo cyo gukuriraho Visa Abanyarwanda gikubiye mu masezerano Botswana yagiranye n’u Rwanda ku wa 6 Gicurasi 2026, ubwo Perezida Paul Kagame yagiriraga uruzinduko muri iki gihugu. Ibihugu byombi byemeranyije kandi gukorana mu bijyanye n’ishoramari, ubucuruzi, ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere, ubuzima n’ibindi.

Nk’igihugu cyafunguye amarembo ku Banyarwanda, reka turebere hamwe byinshi kuri iki gihugu haba amateka, ubukungu, umuco wacyo n’ibindi.

Mu bunini, Botswana ikubye u Rwanda inshuro 22 kuko ifite ubuso bwa kilometerokare 581.730. Ni kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika bidatuwe cyane kuko ifite abaturage, miliyoni 2.6.

Ku Munyarwanda ushaka kujya muri Botswana uburyo bworoshye ashobora gukoresha ni indege, gusa ku b’amikoro make, na bo urugendo rwa bisi rurashoboka.

Ukoresheje indege, kuva i Kigali ugera Gaborone mu murwa mukuru wa Botswana, byagufata amasaha ari hagati y’atandatu n’umunani, gusa ukabanza guca mu yindi mijyi nka Lusaka cyangwa Johannesburg.

Bitandukanye na Kigali, Gaborone ni umujyi urambitse cyane ku buryo ushobora kureba mu ntera ya kilometero nta gitangira. Ni umujyi utuwe n’abarenga gato ibihumbi 250, mu gihe Kigali ituwe na miliyoni 1.5.

Benshi mu batuye Gaborone barize, cyane ko muri Botswana amashuri ari ubuntu kuva mu mashuri y’inshuke kugeza muri kaminuza.

Mu butegetsi, mu bucuruzi no mu burezi, ururimi rukoreshwa muri Botswana ni Icyongereza. Gusa hari izindi ndimi gakondo nka Tswana ruvugwa n’Aba-Batswana ari na bo bakomokaho izina ry’igihugu cyabo.

Mu zindi ndimi zivugwa muri iki gihugu harimo Kalanga, Herero, Khoisan na Shona.

Nubwo abaturage bo muri Botswana ari bake, baratandukanye cyane mu moko. Barimo abo mu bwoko bwa Tswana, Kalanga, San, Herero, Kgalagadi na Ndebele.

Botswana ni kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika bifite ubukungu bwihagazeho. Umusaruro Mbumbe wayo urenga gato miliyari 52$. Buri mwaka nibura buri muturage wo muri Botswana yinjiza arenga gato 7.000$ (arenga miliyoni 10 Frw), gusa nubwo bimeze gutyo 16% by’abaturage b’iki gihugu babayeho mu bukene.

Amafaranga akoreshwa muri Botswana yitwa Pula. Ifaranga rimwe ryaho ringana na 109 Frw. Bivuze ko ufite ibihumbi 100 Frw, aba ahwanye n’ama-Pula 913.

Ubuzima bwo muri Gaborone busa n’ubwihagazeho kuko nk’isahani y’ibyo kurya bisanzwe iba iri hagati ya $4–$15. Ibiryo bizwi nka Fast food bya KFC cyangwa Mcdonald’s byo biba biri hagati ya $5–$8.

Muri restaurant zihagazeho, isahani y’ibiryo ho iba iri hagati ya $22 na $60.

Ku bakunda gusohoka no gusangira n’inshuti zabo, restaurant nziza muri Gaborone zihari kuri bwinshi. Zirimo Two Six Seven, Zen Cafe Lounge, Bull & Bush, Cappuccinos na Mokolodi.

Kawunga iri mu biryo bikunzwe cyane muri Botswana, ushobora kuyirisha imboga rwatsi cyangwa inyama. Gusa nugerayo ntuzayite kawunga, ahubwo uzavuge pap, cyangwa Phaleche.

Hari kandi ibiryo byitwa Seswaa. Ni inyama z’inka cyangwa ihene zatetswe cyane ku buryo zimera nk’izasaye. Izi nyama zijyana n’imboga, akawunga cyangwa umuceri. Iri funguro riribwa cyane mu bukwe cyangwa mu bindi birori.

Ku bakunda ak’ababyeyi cyangwa igikoma ntimuhangayike! Muri Botswana kibayo ku bwinshi, ariko bacyita Bogobe. Kiba ari icy’amasaka ariko bagashyiramo n’amata.

Muri byeri zikunzwe cyane muri Botswana harimo iyitwa St. Louis Lager, Castle Lager, Windhoek Lager na Beck’s.

Niba ukunda gutembera ahantu nyaburanga, Botswana ni hamwe mu ho ukwiriye gushyira ku rutonde.

Mu bice bikundwa cyane na ba mukerarugendo muri Botswana harimo pariki ya Okavango Delta, Chobe National Park, Makgadikgadi Pans National Park, ubutayu bwa Kalahari, Nxai Pan National Park na Gaborone Game Reserve.

Nugera muri Botswana, ugashaka kwisanisha n’abaturage babo, uzababwira uti ‘Dumelang’ icyo gihe uzaba ubasuhuje, ni kimwe nk’uko mu Cyongereza wababwira uti ‘hello’. Ushobora kandi kubabwira uti O tsogile jang?, bisobanuye ngo ijoro ryagenze gute? cyangwa mwaramutse neza?

Nushaka kurenza aho, wenda ugashaka nko kubabaza amakuru, uzagire uti ‘O kae?’.

Ku batagenzwa na kamwe, ndavuga ba bandi bakunda ibijyanye no guhuza imibiri, muri Botswana bisaba kwigengesera kuko ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida buri hejuru. Mu bafite imyaka 15-49 ubwandu buri hatai ya 20% na 25 %, bivuze ko mu bantu bakuru umwe muri batanu aba arwaye Sida.

Mu gihugu hose abafite ubu bwandu barenga ibihumbi 360.

Diamant yahinduye ubuzima bw’igihugu

Botswana yabonye ubwigenge ku wa 30 Nzeri mu 1966, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi iri mu maboko y’u Bwongereza, icyo gihe yitwaga Bechuanaland. Seretse Khama ni we wabaye Perezida wa mbere wa Botswana.

Mu bihe Botswana yabonyemo ubwigenge ubukungu bwayo bwari bushingiye cyane ku buhinzi n’ubworozi cyane cyane ubw’inka, ibikorwaremezo ari mbarwa. Bibarwa ko icyo gihe Umusaruro Mbumbe wa Botswana wari miliyoni 100$.

Muri icyo gihe Botswana yari ifite abaturage basaga ibihumbi 600 ariko hafi ya bose babayeho mu bukene, serivisi z’ubuzima n’ubuvuzi ari inzozi zo ku manywa kuri bo. Byari bigoye kandi gukora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, kuko iki gihugu kidakora ku nyanja.

Aya mateka y’ubukene muri Botswana abaturage batangiye kugira icyizere cyo kuyasezerera nyuma y’uko mu 1967 bitahuwe ko igihugu cyabo gifite amabuye y’agaciro ya diamant.

Aya mabuye yavumbuwe bwa mbere mu kirombe cya Orapa, mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho iki kirombe cyahise cyinjira mu bicukurwamo diamant nyinshi ku Isi.

Amafaranga yavaga muri aya mabuye y’agaciro yatangiye gukoreshwa mu gushyiraho ibikorwaremezo nk’imihanda na serivisi z’uburezi n’ubuvuzi.

Hagati ya 1970 na 1999 ubukungu bwa Botswana bwazamukagaho nibura 9% buri mwaka.

Kugeza mu 2025, Umusaruro Mbumbe wa Botswana wari miliyari 19,5$, ubucuruzi bwa diamant bukiharira uruhare rwa 30%.

Mu bicuruzwa Botswana yohereza mu mahanga, Diamant yihariye 80%, ndetse iki gihugu kiri muri bitanu bya mbere ku Isi mu bicuruza diamant cyane.

Buri mwaka, Botswana icuruza diamant ifite agaciro ka miliyari 3,3$. 40% by’amafaranga Guverinoma ya Botswana yinjiza aturuka mu bucuruzi bw’aya mabuye y’agaciro.

Mbere y’uko Botswana ivumbura ko ifite diamants, 50% by’abaturage bayo babarizwaga munsi y’umurongo w’ubukene. Kuri ubu abasigaye muri iki cyiciro ni 16%. Icyizere cyo kubaho cyavuye ku myaka 40 kigera ku myaka 70. 90% by’abaturage bafite umuriro w’amashanyarazi.

Uburezi ni ubuntu ku baturage bo muri Botswana, kuva mu mashuri abanza kugeza muri kaminuza, aho biga banahabwa amafaranga yo kubatunga arenga 150$. Ubuvuzi bw’ibanze na bwo ni ubuntu.

Kugeza ubu Botswana iri mu rugamba rwo kuvugurura ubukungu bwayo bukareka gushingira gusa ku bucuruzi bwa diamant ahubwo bugashinga imizi mu zindi nzego zirimo ubuhinzi, ubukerarugendo n’inganda.